大豆对菲胁迫的生理响应及耐菲机理研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-1167

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探讨菲胁迫下植物的生理反应及耐受机制,以大豆为供试材料,采用叶片喷施试验,分别从表型、生物量、氧化损伤以及抗氧化酶活性等方面研究不同浓度菲处理对大豆幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：低浓度菲（≤50 μmol/L）能够增加叶片生物量,提高叶绿素及类胡萝卜素含量。同时,幼苗叶片中的丙二醛（Malondialdehyde,MDA）含量、脯氨酸含量,超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase,SOD）活性以及过氧化物酶（Peroxidase,POD）的活性明显高于对照组。在高浓度菲（75-100 μmol/L）处理下,MDA含量继续增大,大豆幼苗的生物量、叶绿素含量、渗透胁迫物质含量及SOD活性都受到抑制,而叶片中的类胡萝卜素含量及POD活性较高。以上结果表明,植物通过提高SOD和POD活性,以及类胡萝卜素和渗透胁迫物质含量来减轻叶片施用菲对植物生物量、叶绿素含量及氧化胁迫的影响。此外,POD和类胡萝卜素在高浓度菲胁迫下仍保持较高水平,说明它们在菲胁迫中起到较为稳定的作用。

关键词: 大豆, 菲胁迫, 抗氧化酶, 光合色素, 脯氨酸

Abstract:

In order to investigate the tolerance mechanism and physiological response of plants under phenanthrene stress,foliar application experiment to soybean（Glycine max. L）was conducted,and the effects of different concentrations of phenanthrene to the growth of soybean seedlings,including phenotypic difference,biomass,oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activities,were explored. The results showed that the biomass of leaves increased under low concentration of phenanthrene stress（≤50 μmol/L）. Also the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid increased. The content malondialdehyde（MDA）,the activity of proline,superoxide dismutase（SOD）,and peroxidase（POD）were significantly higher than those in control group. Under the concentration of phenanthrene（75-100 μmol/L）,the content of MDA increased along with the increasing of phenanthrene concentration,while the biomass of the soybean seedlings,content of chlorophyll,the content of permeable stress substance,the activity of SOD were inhibited,and the carotenoid content and POD activity in the leaves were high. The above results reveal that plants eliminate the effects of applying phenanthrene in leaves on the biomass of the plants,content of chlorophyll,and oxidative stress by increasing POD and SOD activities as well as the contents of carotenoid and permeable stress substance. In addition,POD and carotenoid maintain high levels under high concentration of phenanthrene,suggesting that they play a more stable role in the corresponding phenanthrene stress.

Key words: soybean, phenanthrene stress, antioxidase, photosynthetic pigments, proline

杨丹, 王罡, 王戊腾, 樊亚君, 肖薇薇, 张思琪, 李倩, 季静. 大豆对菲胁迫的生理响应及耐菲机理研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(10): 1-7.

YANG Dan, WANG Gang, WANG Wu-teng, FAN Ya-jun, XIAO Wei-wei, ZHANG Si-qi, LI Qian, JI Jing. Physiological Responses of Soybean to Phenanthrene and Its Tolerance Mechanism[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(10): 1-7.

图/表 6

表1 不同浓度菲胁迫对大豆生物量的影响

菲浓度/ （μmol?L^-1）	叶片		根
菲浓度/ （μmol?L^-1）	鲜重/g	干重/g	鲜重/g	干重/g
CK	1.28±0.15 b	0.32±0.07 b	0.94± 0.07 a	0.38±0.08 a
P25	1.49±0.05 a	0.45±0.03 a	0.91±0.05 a	0.39±0.07 a
P50	1.54±0.11 a	0.48±0.07 a	0.85±0.12 a	0.38±0.04 a
P75	1.68±0.05 a	0.55±0.09 a	0.85±0.07 a	0.35±0.07 a
P100	1.05±0.11 c	0.18±0.04 c	0.80±0.06 a	0.32±0.02 a

图1 不同浓度的菲胁迫对大豆叶片相对水含量的影响不同字母表示彼此间有显著性差异（P<0.05）,下同

图2 不同浓度菲胁迫下叶片MDA含量差异

图3 不同浓度菲处理对光合色素含量的影响 A：不同浓度菲处理对叶绿素含量的影响;B：不同浓度菲处理对类胡萝卜素含量的影响

图4 不同浓度的菲处理对叶片SOD及POD酶活性的影响 A：不同浓度菲处理对SOD酶活性的影响;B：不同浓度菲处理对POD酶活性的影响

图5 不同浓度菲胁迫下叶片脯氨酸含量差异

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