生物技术通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 107-114.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0906

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

作物分枝的分子调控研究进展

周希萌1,2(), 付春3, 马长乐1, 王兴军1,2(), 赵传志1,2()   

  1. 1.山东师范大学生命科学学院,济南 250014
    2.山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 山东省作物遗传改良与生态生理重点实验室,济南 250100
    3.潍坊市农业科学院,潍坊 261071
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-20 出版日期:2021-03-26 发布日期:2021-04-02
  • 作者简介:周希萌,男,硕士研究生,研究方向:植物分子生物学;E-mail:1101096683@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GNC106026);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF107008);国家自然科学基金项目(31861143009);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2017MC005);山东省泰山学者项目(ts20190964);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2018E13);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2016B02)

Research Progress of Molecular Regulation of Branching of Crops

ZHOU Xi-meng1,2(), FU Chun3, MA Chang-le1, WANG Xing-jun1,2(), ZHAO Chuan-zhi1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University,Ji’nan 250014
    2. Biotechnology Research Center,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Ecology and Physiology,Ji’nan 250100
    3. Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Weifang 261071
  • Received:2020-07-20 Published:2021-03-26 Online:2021-04-02

摘要:

分枝的数量及角度是决定作物株型的重要农艺性状。有效分枝数决定着作物的穗数或荚果数,进而决定着作物的产量;而分枝角度与光合效率、种植密度和抗病性密切相关,不仅影响作物的产量,也会影响作物的品质。由于分枝在作物生产中具有十分重要的作用,吸引了越来越多的研究者的注意,多个与分枝性状相关的关键基因被鉴定,分枝数目调控的分子机制研究取得了重要进展。过去的研究表明作物分枝受严格的遗传调控,同时也受环境条件的影响。综述了与作物分枝性状相关的基因克隆、表达、功能和分子调控机理方面的研究进展,以及环境因素对分枝的影响,探讨分枝调控在作物品种改良中的应用。

关键词: 生长素, 分枝角度, 分枝数目, 重力反应, 独脚金内酯

Abstract:

The number of branching and the angle of branching are the main agronomic traits determining the types of crops. The number of effective branches determines the number of spikes or pods of crops,and then determines the yield. Branch angle is closely related to photosynthetic efficiency,plant density and disease resistance,which not only affects crop yield,but also affects crop quality. Because branching plays a very important role in crop production,and has attracted more and more researchers’ attention. Several key genes related to branching have been identified and great progress has been achieved in the molecular mechanism study of branch number regulation. Accumulated studies indicate that branch habit is subject to strict genetic regulation as well as environmental conditions. This paper summarized the research progress in the cloning,expression analysis,function identification and molecular regulatory mechanisms of genes related to branching,and discussed its application in crop variety improvement.

Key words: auxin, branch angle, branch number, gravitropism, strigolactone