巴山榧树枝和叶提取物的抗氧化能力、抑菌活性与挥发性成分

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0130

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究巴山榧树枝和叶提取物的抗氧化能力、抑菌活性和枝叶挥发性成分,为开发利用巴山榧树的食用或药用价值提供科学依据。利用90%乙醇超声提取巴山榧树枝和叶,采用自由基清除率测定抗氧化能力,牛津杯法分析抑菌活性,顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法检测枝叶挥发性成分及其相对含量。结果发现,巴山榧树枝和叶的提取物对DPPH、ABTS⁺和羟基自由基有不同程度的清除作用,以开州区的巴山榧树枝提取物对DPPH和ABTS⁺自由基清除率最高,分别达到39.9%和95.3%;开州区巴山榧树叶提取物的羟基自由基清除率最高,达到69.8%。巴山榧树枝和叶的提取物显著抑制大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生长和繁殖,以开州区巴山榧树枝提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性最强,抑菌圈直径达到26.9 mm。巴山榧树枝和叶的挥发性成分中98%以上为萜烯类化合物,以单萜和倍半萜为主。巴山榧树枝和叶提取物具有较强的抗氧化能力与抑菌活性,其枝叶挥发性成分主要为单萜和倍半萜。

关键词: 巴山榧树, 提取物, 抗氧化能力, 抑菌活性, 挥发性成分

Abstract:

Our aims are to explore the antioxidant capacity,bacteriostatic activity,and volatile components of the extracts from the branches and leaves of T. grandis,and to provide scientific basis for the development and utilization of the edible or medicinal value of T. fargesii Franch. The exactions from the branches and leaves of T. fargesii Franch. were conducted by 90% ethanol,antioxidant capacity was determined using free radical scavenging rate,antibacterial activity was analyzed by Oxford Cup Method,and volatile essential components and their relative contents were detected by head sead spacesolid phasemicro extractions and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. First,the extracts from the branches and leaves of T. fargesii Franch. have different degrees of scavenging effects on DPPH,ABTS⁺,and hydroxyl radicals,among them,the branch extracts of T. fargesii Franch. in Kaizhou district had the highest scavenging rates of DPPH and ABTS⁺ free radicals,39.9% and 95.3% respectively;the leaf extracts of T. fargesii Franch. in Kaizhou district had the highest scavenging rates of hydroxy radical,reaching 69.8%. Second,the extracts from the branches and leaves of T. fargesii Franch. significantly inhibited the growth and reproduction of Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Among them,the branch extracts of T. fargesii Franch. in Kaizhou district had the strongest inhibitory activity against B. subtilis,with the diameter of inhibition zone reaching 26.9 mm. Third,> 98% of the volatile components from the branches and leaves of T. fargesii Franch. Were terpenes,mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. In conclusion,the extracts of branches and leaves of T. fargesii Franch. have strong antioxidant and antibacterial activities,the main components of volatile components are monoterpene and sesquiterpene.

Key words: Torreya fargesii Franch., extract, anti-oxidant activity, antibacterial activity, volatile constituent

王小河, 辜夕容, 祁顺菊, 李杰, 崔瑶, 李得霞, 杨莉荟. 巴山榧树枝和叶提取物的抗氧化能力、抑菌活性与挥发性成分[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(8): 152-161.

WANG Xiao-he, GU Xi-rong, QI Shun-ju, LI Jie, CUI Yao, LI De-xia, YANG Li-hui. Antioxidant Activity,Antibacterial Activity and Volatile Components of Extracts from the Branches and Leaves of Torreya fargesii Franch.[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(8): 152-161.

图/表 6

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化学成分 Chemical components	分子式 Molecular formula	分子量 Molecular weight	枝含量 Content of branches/%	叶含量 Content of leaves/%
α-蒎烯 α-pinene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	43.17	40.45
2-亚甲基-6,6-二甲基-[3.1.1]-二环庚烷 Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane,6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	—	1.77
β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	1.94	1.49
2-亚甲基-7,7-二甲基-二环[2.2.1]庚烷 Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane,7,7-dimethyl-2-methylene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	—	0.65
1,4-二甲基-4-乙烯基-环己烯 Cyclohexene,4-ethenyl-1,4-dimethyl	C₁₀H₁₆	136	2.45	—
β-水芹烯β-Phellandrene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	0.79	—
1,7,7-三甲基-二环庚醇乙酸酯 Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol,1,7,7-trimethyl,acetate	C₁₂H₂₀O₂	196	—	1.6
乙酸异龙脑酯Isobornyl acetate	C₁₂H₂₀O₂	196	0.86	—
石竹烯 Caryophyllene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	0.93	7.02
α-石竹烯 α-Caryophyllene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	6.03	6.8
α-甜没药烯 α-Bisabolene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	13.13	1.44
杜松萜烯 Cadinene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	13.18	10.05
α-摩勒烯 α-Muurolene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	0.84	0.77
α-荜澄茄油烯 α-Cubebene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	—	1.28
5-亚甲基-1-甲基-8-（1-甲基乙基）-1,6-环癸二烯 1,6-Cyclodecadiene,1-methyl-5-methylene-8-（1-methylethyl）	C₁₅H₂₄	204	16.68	26.68

化学成分 Chemical components	分子式 Molecular formula	分子量 Molecular weight	枝含量 Content of branches/%	叶含量 Content of leaves/%
α-蒎烯 α-pinene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	43.17	40.45
2-亚甲基-6,6-二甲基-[3.1.1]-二环庚烷 Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane,6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	—	1.77
β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	1.94	1.49
2-亚甲基-7,7-二甲基-二环[2.2.1]庚烷 Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane,7,7-dimethyl-2-methylene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	—	0.65
1,4-二甲基-4-乙烯基-环己烯 Cyclohexene,4-ethenyl-1,4-dimethyl	C₁₀H₁₆	136	2.45	—
β-水芹烯β-Phellandrene	C₁₀H₁₆	136	0.79	—
1,7,7-三甲基-二环庚醇乙酸酯 Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol,1,7,7-trimethyl,acetate	C₁₂H₂₀O₂	196	—	1.6
乙酸异龙脑酯Isobornyl acetate	C₁₂H₂₀O₂	196	0.86	—
石竹烯 Caryophyllene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	0.93	7.02
α-石竹烯 α-Caryophyllene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	6.03	6.8
α-甜没药烯 α-Bisabolene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	13.13	1.44
杜松萜烯 Cadinene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	13.18	10.05
α-摩勒烯 α-Muurolene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	0.84	0.77
α-荜澄茄油烯 α-Cubebene	C₁₅H₂₄	204	—	1.28
5-亚甲基-1-甲基-8-（1-甲基乙基）-1,6-环癸二烯 1,6-Cyclodecadiene,1-methyl-5-methylene-8-（1-methylethyl）	C₁₅H₂₄	204	16.68	26.68