铁皮石斛多糖对高脂饮食小鼠肠黏膜结构及菌群的影响

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0390

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为考察铁皮石斛多糖对高脂饮食小鼠肠黏膜屏障的影响,采用水提醇沉法提取铁皮石斛多糖,联合高脂饲料给予小鼠8周后观察肠黏膜结构及肠黏膜菌群的变化。结果显示高脂饮食显著破坏了肠黏膜结构,表现为肠黏膜萎缩,上皮细胞脱落并伴有炎性渗出,Corynebacterium_1及Staphylococcus等与感染及炎症相关的菌属大量增殖。铁皮石斛多糖对肠黏膜结构有较好的保护作用,并可减少Corynebacterium_1的丰度,同时提高肠黏膜共生菌Candidatus_Arthromitus的丰度,促进了 Muribaculaceae、Bacteroides、Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group等碳水化合物代谢、短链脂肪酸产生相关菌的增殖。研究表明铁皮石斛多糖对肠黏膜屏障的保护作用或与其维持肠黏膜结构完整,调节肠黏膜菌群组成及促进碳水化合物代谢,生成短链脂肪酸有关。

关键词: 铁皮石斛多糖, 高脂饮食, 肠黏膜, 菌群, 多样性

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides（DOP）on the intestinal mucosal barrier of mice fed a high fat diet,DOP were extracted by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. DOP were gavaged with the mice fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks,and the intestinal mucosal structure and intestinal mucosal microbiota of mice were observed. The results showed that high fat diet significantly destroyed the intestinal mucosal structure,which was characterized by intestinal mucosal atrophy,epithelial cells shedding and inflammatory exudation. Moreover,infection-associated and inflammation-related bacteria,for example,Corynebacterium_1 and Staphylococcus proliferated greatly. DOP protected intestinal mucosal structure. In addition,DOP reduced the abundance of Corynebacterium_1,increased the abundance of Candidatus_Arthromitus,and enhanced the proliferation of bacteria related to carbohydrate metabolism and short-chain fatty acid production,i.e.,Muribaculaceae,Bacteroides and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group. The results showed that DOP could protect the intestinal mucosal barrier by maintaining the structural integrity of intestinal mucosa,regulating the composition of intestinal mucosal microbiota,promoting carbohydrate metabolism,and producing short-chain fatty acids.

Key words: Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides, high fat diet, intestinal mucosa, microbiota, diversity

谢果珍, 唐圆, 宁晓妹, 邱集慧, 谭周进. 铁皮石斛多糖对高脂饮食小鼠肠黏膜结构及菌群的影响[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(2): 150-157.

XIE Guo-zhen, TANG Yuan, NING Xiao-mei, QIU Ji-hui, TAN Zhou-jin. Effects of Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharides on the Intestinal Mucosal Structure and Microbiota in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(2): 150-157.

图/表 6

图1 铁皮石斛多糖对高脂饮食小鼠肠黏膜结构的影响 N：正常组;H：高脂饮食组;HP：铁皮石斛多糖组,下同

Fig. 1 Effects of DOP on the intestinal mucosal structure of mice fed a high fat diet N：Normal group. H：High fat diet group. HP：DOP group. The same below

图2 铁皮石斛多糖对高脂饮食小鼠肠黏膜菌群OTU的影响

Fig. 2 Effect of DOP on the OTU of mucosa-associated microbiota of mice fed a high fat diet

图3 铁皮石斛多糖对高脂饮食小鼠肠黏膜菌群Alpha多样性的影响（±s,N=5） *表示铁皮石斛多糖组与正常组相比,P< 0.05

Fig. 3 Effect of DOP on the Alpha diversity of mucosa-associated microbiota of mice fed a high fat diet（±s,N = 5） * refers to HP compared with N,P<0.05

图4 铁皮石斛多糖对高脂饮食小鼠肠黏膜菌群Beta多样性的影响（N=5）

Fig. 4 Effect of DOP on the Beta diversity of mucosa-assoc-iated microbiota of mice fed a high fat diet（N = 5）

图5 铁皮石斛多糖对高脂饮食小鼠肠黏膜菌群结构的影响 A：门水平;B：属水平

Fig. 5 Effect of DOP on the structure of mucosa-associated microbiota of mice fed a high fat diet A：Phylum. B：Genus

图6 高脂饮食及铁皮石斛多糖处理后产生的特异性菌

Fig. 6 Biomarker of mucosa-associated microbiota after DOP and high-fat diet treating

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