RNA修饰及其在秀丽隐杆线虫中的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-1001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

RNA修饰是表观遗传学（epigenetics）领域重要的探索方向，其种类繁多，过程复杂，在调节生物生长发育、新陈代谢等方面起着重要作用。近些年，针对RNA修饰的检测方法由传统的实验定量检测技术发展为与二代、三代高通量测序平台相结合的检测技术，以此为基础，人们对RNA修饰类型、相关调控蛋白以及调控机制和功能有了更为深入的了解。当前基于秀丽隐杆线虫（Caenorhabditis elegans）的RNA修饰研究表明，RNA修饰水平与秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命长短、应激性强弱、生育率高低等有着密切关联。对RNA修饰的常见类型和检测技术进行综述，总结其在秀丽隐杆线虫中的研究成果，并对将来的研究趋势进行展望。

关键词: RNA修饰, RNA甲基化, 秀丽隐杆线虫

Abstract:

RNA modification is an important research area in the field of epigenetics. It is involved in a wide variety of complex processes and plays a key role in regulating growth, development and metabolism. Recently, mapping RNA modification has been developed from the traditional quantitative detecting methods to more advanced detecting technologies combined with the next and third-generation sequencing platforms, which leads to better understanding of RNA modification types, related regulatory proteins, as well as their regulatory mechanisms and functions. The current research based on the RNA modification of Caenorhabditis elegansreveals that the degree of RNA modification in C. elegans is closely linked to its lifespan, resistance and fecundity. This review introduced the common types of RNA modification and the advancement of detection techniques, then summarized the current state of RNA modification research in C. elegans, and forecasted future research trends.

Key words: RNA modification, RNA methylation, Caenorhabditis elegans

安磊, 赵金玲, 任晓亮. RNA修饰及其在秀丽隐杆线虫中的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(4): 176-186.

AN Lei, ZHAO Jin-ling, REN Xiao-liang. RNA Modification and Its Research Progress in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(4): 176-186.

图/表 2

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RNA修饰 RNA modification	秀丽隐杆线虫 C. elegans	RNA修饰酶 RNA modifying enzyme	智人同源物 Homo sapiens homolog	作用位点 Action site	生物学功能 Biological function	参考文献 Reference
m⁶A	Writers Readers Erasers	METT-10 F33A8.4 C38D4.9 未知未知	METTL16 ZCCHC4 METTL5	snRNA rRNA rRNA	调控生殖发育调控寿命维持应激性	[69⇓-71] [68,72] [68,73]
m⁵C	Writers Readers Erasers	NSUN-1 NSUN-2 NSUN-4 NSUN-5 RNP-4 SQD-1 PAB-2 未知	NOP2 NSUN-2 NSUN-4 NSUN-5 RBM8A HNRNPAB PABPC1	rRNA tRNA rRNA、tRNA rRNA tRNA tRNA tRNA	调控生长发育未知未知调控寿命未知未知未知	[74-75] [78] [78] [76-77] [79] [79] [79]
m¹A	Writers Readers Erasers	RRAM-1 未知未知	NML	rRNA	调控寿命	[80-81]
Ψ	Writers Readers Erasers	W06H3.2 C50C3.14 未知未知	PUS1 SCARNA15	tRNA snRNA	未知未知	[82] [83-84]
ac⁴C	Writers Readers Erasers	NATH-10 未知未知	NAT10	tRNA	调控生殖发育	[85⇓-87]
Nm	Writers Readers Erasers	HENN-1 未知未知	HENMT1	piRNA	调控生殖发育	[88-89]
m⁷G	Writers Readers Erasers	C27F2.4 未知未知	BUD23	rRNA	调控生长发育	[90]

RNA修饰 RNA modification	秀丽隐杆线虫 C. elegans	RNA修饰酶 RNA modifying enzyme	智人同源物 Homo sapiens homolog	作用位点 Action site	生物学功能 Biological function	参考文献 Reference
m⁶A	Writers Readers Erasers	METT-10 F33A8.4 C38D4.9 未知未知	METTL16 ZCCHC4 METTL5	snRNA rRNA rRNA	调控生殖发育调控寿命维持应激性	[69⇓-71] [68,72] [68,73]
m⁵C	Writers Readers Erasers	NSUN-1 NSUN-2 NSUN-4 NSUN-5 RNP-4 SQD-1 PAB-2 未知	NOP2 NSUN-2 NSUN-4 NSUN-5 RBM8A HNRNPAB PABPC1	rRNA tRNA rRNA、tRNA rRNA tRNA tRNA tRNA	调控生长发育未知未知调控寿命未知未知未知	[74-75] [78] [78] [76-77] [79] [79] [79]
m¹A	Writers Readers Erasers	RRAM-1 未知未知	NML	rRNA	调控寿命	[80-81]
Ψ	Writers Readers Erasers	W06H3.2 C50C3.14 未知未知	PUS1 SCARNA15	tRNA snRNA	未知未知	[82] [83-84]
ac⁴C	Writers Readers Erasers	NATH-10 未知未知	NAT10	tRNA	调控生殖发育	[85⇓-87]
Nm	Writers Readers Erasers	HENN-1 未知未知	HENMT1	piRNA	调控生殖发育	[88-89]
m⁷G	Writers Readers Erasers	C27F2.4 未知未知	BUD23	rRNA	调控生长发育	[90]