陆地棉主要株型性状关联分析及优异等位基因挖掘

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-0746

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 株型是影响棉花机械化和产量的关键因素，开展陆地棉主要株型性状的关联分析研究，可为棉花株型分子育种提供标记及材料来源。【方法】 以403份陆地棉种质资源为材料，利用覆盖全基因组的201对多态性SSR标记，对6个环境4个株型性状进行了关联分析，挖掘株型性状优异等位基因。【结果】 6个环境中株高、果枝始节高、果枝始节位和果枝数的平均变异系数分别为13.70%、21.51%、14.18%和11.51%，广义遗传率为46.24%-74.15%；201对标记共产生394个多态性等位变异位点；能同时在最佳线性无偏预测值（best linear unbiased prediction, BLUP）（P<0.01）和2个以上环境中检测到显著（P<0.05）关联的位点共38个，包括与株高关联的位点16个、与果枝始节高关联的位点6个、与果枝始节位关联的位点11个、与果枝数关联的位点5个，5个位点同时与多个性状关联；鉴定到含有目标性状优异等位基因的材料31份，其中6份材料同时携带多个优异等位基因。【结论】 在403份陆地棉自然群体中，鉴定到38个与4个株型性状关联的标记位点，发掘出31份含有优异等位基因的典型材料。

关键词: 陆地棉, 株型性状, 关联分析, 优异等位基因

Abstract:

【Objective】 Plant architecture is a key factor affecting the mechanization and yield of cotton. The association analysis of plant architecture traits in upland cotton can provide elite marker sources and excellent germplasm materials for molecular breeding of cotton plant architecture. 【Method】 In this study, taking 403 upland cotton germplasms as materials, an association analysis of four plant architecture traits in six environments was implemented using 201 pairs of polymorphic SSR markers covering the whole genome, and the elite alleles were identified. 【Result】 The average coefficients of variation of the plant height, height of first fruit branch node, the first fruit branch node and fruit branch number were 13.70%, 21.51%, 14.18% and 11.51%, respectively, and the range of broad-sense heritability was 46.24%-74.15%. A total of 394 allelic variation loci were generated from 201 markers. A total of 38 loci were repeatedly detected in best linear unbiased prediction（BLUP）（P < 0.01）and more than two environments at a significant level（P< 0.05）. Of 38 loci, 16 were associated with plant height, six were associated with height of first fruit branch node, 11 were associated with the first fruit branch node, and five were associated with fruit branch number. In addition, five loci were associated with multiple traits simultaneously. Thirty one materials containing elite alleles of target traits were identified, and six of them carried multiple elite alleles concurrently. 【Conclusion】 Thirty-eight marker loci associated with four plant architecture traits were identified in 403 natural populations, and 31 typical materials containing excellent alleles were identified.

Key words: upland cotton, plant architecture traits, association analysis, elite alleles

王娟, 王新, 田琴, 马晓梅, 周小凤, 李保成, 董承光. 陆地棉主要株型性状关联分析及优异等位基因挖掘[J]. 生物技术通报, 2024, 40(3): 146-154.

WANG Juan, WANG Xin, TIAN Qin, MA Xiao-mei, ZHOU Xiao-feng, LI Bao-cheng, DONG Cheng-guang. Association Analysis and Exploration of Elite Alleles of Plant Architecture Traits in Gossypium hirsutum L.[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(3): 146-154.

图/表 6

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性状Trait	环境Env	均值Mean	极小值Min	极大值Max	标准差SD	变异系数CV/%	G	G×E	遗传率h² B/%
株高 PH/cm	SHZ13	52.60	30.70	90.80	8.13	15.45	**	**	70.66
	KRL13	68.54	26.80	93.00	8.53	12.44
	SHZ14	61.17	37.00	92.70	7.70	12.59
	KRL14	61.75	33.00	94.00	8.56	13.86
	SHZ15	67.21	38.80	100.80	9.20	13.68
	KRL15	72.28	40.00	112.30	10.23	14.16
	BLUP	62.58	39.50	89.00	6.36	10.16
果枝始节高 HNFFB/cm	SHZ13	19.60	8.70	32.10	3.99	20.37	**	**	74.15
	KRL13	17.12	7.20	33.40	4.50	26.31
	SHZ14	17.72	9.00	28.70	3.27	18.47
	KRL14	17.24	7.00	31.00	4.09	23.71
	SHZ15	18.55	9.70	28.00	3.62	19.53
	KRL15	18.80	10.00	36.70	3.88	20.64
	BLUP	18.07	10.50	26.80	2.68	14.83
果枝始节位 NFFB	SHZ13	5.31	3.40	7.10	0.68	12.79	**	**	56.45
	KRL13	5.55	3.10	7.60	0.87	15.69
	SHZ14	4.65	3.00	6.80	0.63	13.59
	KRL14	5.62	2.90	11.00	0.86	15.34
	SHZ15	5.15	2.70	7.20	0.67	13.07
	KRL15	5.50	3.60	7.30	0.80	14.61
	BLUP	5.28	4.20	6.30	0.39	7.39
果枝数 FBN	SHZ13	6.91	4.70	10.20	0.96	13.91	**	**	46.23
	KRL13	8.92	6.10	12.20	0.90	10.14
	SHZ14	8.84	6.10	13.00	1.03	11.70
	KRL14	9.19	6.60	13.10	1.08	11.71
	SHZ15	8.16	5.50	11.70	0.88	10.74
	KRL15	8.93	6.00	13.00	0.97	10.85
	BLUP	8.47	7.50	9.90	0.43	5.08

性状Trait	环境Env	均值Mean	极小值Min	极大值Max	标准差SD	变异系数CV/%	G	G×E	遗传率h² B/%
株高 PH/cm	SHZ13	52.60	30.70	90.80	8.13	15.45	**	**	70.66
	KRL13	68.54	26.80	93.00	8.53	12.44
	SHZ14	61.17	37.00	92.70	7.70	12.59
	KRL14	61.75	33.00	94.00	8.56	13.86
	SHZ15	67.21	38.80	100.80	9.20	13.68
	KRL15	72.28	40.00	112.30	10.23	14.16
	BLUP	62.58	39.50	89.00	6.36	10.16
果枝始节高 HNFFB/cm	SHZ13	19.60	8.70	32.10	3.99	20.37	**	**	74.15
	KRL13	17.12	7.20	33.40	4.50	26.31
	SHZ14	17.72	9.00	28.70	3.27	18.47
	KRL14	17.24	7.00	31.00	4.09	23.71
	SHZ15	18.55	9.70	28.00	3.62	19.53
	KRL15	18.80	10.00	36.70	3.88	20.64
	BLUP	18.07	10.50	26.80	2.68	14.83
果枝始节位 NFFB	SHZ13	5.31	3.40	7.10	0.68	12.79	**	**	56.45
	KRL13	5.55	3.10	7.60	0.87	15.69
	SHZ14	4.65	3.00	6.80	0.63	13.59
	KRL14	5.62	2.90	11.00	0.86	15.34
	SHZ15	5.15	2.70	7.20	0.67	13.07
	KRL15	5.50	3.60	7.30	0.80	14.61
	BLUP	5.28	4.20	6.30	0.39	7.39
果枝数 FBN	SHZ13	6.91	4.70	10.20	0.96	13.91	**	**	46.23
	KRL13	8.92	6.10	12.20	0.90	10.14
	SHZ14	8.84	6.10	13.00	1.03	11.70
	KRL14	9.19	6.60	13.10	1.08	11.71
	SHZ15	8.16	5.50	11.70	0.88	10.74
	KRL15	8.93	6.00	13.00	0.97	10.85
	BLUP	8.47	7.50	9.90	0.43	5.08

统计 Statistics	等位基因频率 Major allele frequency	等位变异数 Number of alleles	基因型数 Number of genotypes	基因多样性 Gene diversity	多态性信息含量 PIC
总数Sum		394	804
平均值Mean	0.563	1.96	4	0.556	0.483
范围Range	0.501-0.923	1-4	2-14	0.142-0.699	0.132-0.677

统计 Statistics	等位基因频率 Major allele frequency	等位变异数 Number of alleles	基因型数 Number of genotypes	基因多样性 Gene diversity	多态性信息含量 PIC
总数Sum		394	804
平均值Mean	0.563	1.96	4	0.556	0.483
范围Range	0.501-0.923	1-4	2-14	0.142-0.699	0.132-0.677

性状 Trait	标记位点 Marker locus	染色体 Chr.	R²/%							环境数 Environment
性状 Trait	标记位点 Marker locus	染色体 Chr.	BLUP	SHZ13	KRL13	SHZ14	KRL14	SHZ15	KRL15	环境数 Environment
株高	BNL3089a	A4	3.11**	1.68**	2.83**	1.18	2.41**	2.70**	3.04**	6
PH	NAU1042b	A5	2.48**		1.25	1.54				2
	NAU797a	A5	1.71**	1.24		1.15				2
	NAU797b	A5	2.13**	1.35		1.22				2
	NAU874a	A6	2.74**	2.51**	2.41**	1.19	1.42	1.89**		5
	NAU3390a	A11	1.93**			1.26	1.48			2
	NAU3390b	A11	2.13**			1.31	1.71**			2
	NAU3308a	D2	2.05**	1.24		1.88**		2.59**	1.19	4
	NAU6109a	D4	2.09**	1.02	2.05**					2
	NAU6109b	D4	3.19**	1.44	2.90**	1.00	1.09	1.61		5
	NAU1255b	D5	2.13**		1.08	1.68**				2
	NAU911a	D5	1.95**		1.26	1.07	2.65**	1.97**	1.11	5
	NAU911b	D5	1.96**		2.60**		2.56**		0.99	3
	NAU2631a	D8	5.00**	1.63	4.37**	2.43**	1.12	2.16**		5
	NAU5335b	D8	3.00**		2.08**	2.89			1.06	3
	NAU4926b	D12	3.57**	1.03	4.71**	1.38	1.71**	1.81**		5
果枝始节高	BNL3089a	A4	1.83**			2.01**	1.34	3.27**		3
HNFFB	NAU2336a	D2	2.65**	2.49**			1.42			2
	NAU2336b	D2	2.38**	2.00**			1.16			2
	NAU3308a	D2	2.16**	1.99**		3.65**	1.69**	2.29**		4
	NAU2631a	D8	2.04**	0.98**				1.40	1.15	3
	BNL1161	D10	1.68**	1.55	2.57**				1.90**	3
果枝始节位	NAU7195	A1	2.33**		1.56		1.75**	2.53**	2.08**	4
NFFB	DPL641c	A5	1.93**	1.08			2.10**	3.21**		3
	JESPR153b	A13	2.22**		2.76**		0.97	1.35		3
	HAU1741a	D2	2.17**		3.49**			1.13		2
	HAU1741b	D2	2.00**		3.08**			1.29		2
	NAU2336b	D2	1.66**		2.85**			1.51		2
	NAU911b	D5	2.50**	1.12	3.93**	0.99			1.41	4
	NAU2931a	D7	1.71**		2.76**				2.05**	2
	NAU2931b	D7	2.34**		2.10**	1.03			1.83**	3
	NAU2954b	D9	1.98**	2.48	1.10	1.01		1.08	2.71**	5
	NAU3404a	D10	1.78**	1.23	1.77**					2
果枝数	NAU2443c	D13	1.75**	1.30	1.37	1.63		1.31		4
FBN	BNL3452a	A5	2.63**	1.19	2.44**			1.43		3
	BNL3452b	A5	1.84**		1.31		1.11			2
	NAU2931a	D7	1.75**			1.64	1.52		1.00	3
	BNL1521b	D8	2.48**	2.61				1.13		2