哺乳动物中RNA干扰沉默基因表达的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： RNA干扰及相关基因沉默导致的代谢通路变化已经彻底改变了人们对基因调控的理解。基因沉默技术已经被用来作为一种研究工具来控制某些细胞基因的表达,特异的siRNA导入不同的细胞需要不同的转染载体才能达到最大的转染效率,并且不会产生较大的细胞毒性。近年来尤其是碳纳米管等新型纳米材料载体的应用拓展了人们对传统脂质体和病毒载体的认识。首先介绍RNA干扰技术及其发展历程,随后对利用几种不同的载体来设计和进行RNA干扰试验进行了比较,最后对最初的脂质体到生物病毒再到高分子纳米材料介导的RNA干扰在疾病的治疗和临床诊断进行了展望。

关键词: RNA干扰, 小干扰RNA, 基因沉默, 转染, 碳纳米管

Abstract: Variation of metabolic pathways result from RNA interference and related RNA silencing pathways have revolutionized our understanding of gene regulation. Gene silencing has been used as a research tool to control the expression of specific genes in numerous experimental organisms. Importing the different cells with specific siRNA need different transfection reagent to achieve maximum transfection efficiency, and will not produce larger cell toxicity. In recent years, new nano-material such as carbon nanotubes exert interference effect expanding us the traditional liposomes and virus’ understanding. The rapid progress in the field of RNA interference was summarized, and then compare different RNA interference experiments used several different carriers. Further, the perspectives of future research on RNA interference mediated from traditional liposomes to virus and polymer nano-material in disease treatment and clinic diagnose were proposed.

Key words: RNA interference , Small interfering RNA, Gene silencing , Transfection , Carbon nanotubes

曹腾威,谷凌云,黄和,高振,郦明芳. 哺乳动物中RNA干扰沉默基因表达的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2014, 0(11): 24-31.

Cao Tengwei,Gu Lingyun,Huang He,Gao Zhen,Li Mingfang. Research Progress of Gene Silencing by RNA Interfering Technology in Mammal[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2014, 0(11): 24-31.

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