沉积物中菲高效降解菌群的筛选鉴定及降解特性

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-1044

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以河流表层沉积物为菌群来源,富集分离出一组新型好氧微生物降解菌群,并对其进行微生物群落结构鉴定和降解特性探究。采用16S rRNA基因高通量测序方法对该菌群进行微生物群落结构分析,并设置单因素实验确定最佳生长及降解条件。结果表明,菌群主要包括硝基黄杆菌（Diaphorobacter）83.35%,假单胞杆菌属（Pseudomonas）7.46%,反硝化卡斯特兰尼氏菌（Castellaniella）1.67%,水微菌属（Aquamicrobium）1.65%等;菌群可在60 h内对100 mg/L菲降解率到达95.78%,且在pH5至pH11之间生长并保持高效降解率,最适生长温度为35℃,当盐度为1%时对菌群影响较小,降解率依旧保持在97.26%;可在7 d内降解浓度为400 mg/L的菲,第7天降解率为96.36%。菌群不仅具有高效降解能力且生长条件适应广泛、抗压能力强,可为多环芳烃生物修复提供新的种质资源。

关键词: 菲, 微生物群落结构, 16S rRNA基因高通量测序, 降解动力学

Abstract: A novel aerobic microbial consortium with microbial degradation was enriched and isolated from river surface sediments,and its microbial community structure was identified and its degradation characteristics were studied. The microbial community structure of the consortium was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene high throughput sequencing,and the optimal growth and degradation conditions were determined by single factor experiment. The results showed that the consortium mainly included 83.35% of Diaphobiobacter,7.46% of Pseudomonas,1.67% of Castellaellasti,1.65% of Aquamicrobium,etc. The consortium degraded > 95.78% of 100 mg/L phenanthrene in 60 h,remained its efficient degradation rate between pH5 and pH11,and optimal growth temperature was 35℃.The effect on the consortium was small,and the degradation rate was still maintained at 97.26% when the salinity was 1%. The phenanthrene with a concentration of 400 mg/L was degraded in 7 d with the degradation rate 96.36%.The consortium not only has the ability of high-efficiency degradation,but also grows in a wide range of conditions and has strong compressive ability,which may provide new germplasm resources for the bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）.

Key words: phenanthrene, microbial community structure, 16S rRNA gene high throughput sequencing, degradation kinetics

张永敏, 王天慧, 王萍. 沉积物中菲高效降解菌群的筛选鉴定及降解特性[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(6): 128-135.

ZHANG Yong-min, WANG Tian-hui, WANG Ping. Identification and Degradation Characteristics of Microbial Community Degrading Phenanthrene from Surface Sediments[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(6): 128-135.

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