生物技术通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (11): 175-184.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0353

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

遮荫对云曼红豆杉活性成分10-DAB及矿质营养累积的影响

王刚1(), 罗建勋2, 蒲尚饶3, 李亚平1, 王刚1(), 孙志鹏2()   

  1. 1.四川农业大学林学院,成都 611130
    2.四川省林业科学研究院,成都 610081
    3.四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-25 出版日期:2022-11-26 发布日期:2022-12-01
  • 作者简介:王刚,男,博士研究生,研究方向:药用植物栽培生理;E-mail:137888431@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川省重点研发项目(2018NZ0057);四川省重点研发项目(2021YFN0110);四川省基本科研项目(2021JBKY15)

Effects of Shading on the Active Component 10-DAB and Mineral Nutrient Accumulation of Taxus madia × T. Yunnanensis ‘Yunman’

WANG Gang1(), LUO Jian-xun2, PU Shang-rao3, LI Ya-ping1, WANG Gang1(), SUN Zhi-peng2()   

  1. 1. College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130
    2. Sichuan Academy of Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 610081
    3. College of Landscape Architecture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130
  • Received:2022-03-25 Published:2022-11-26 Online:2022-12-01

摘要:

光照是植物生长的必要环境因子,揭示不同遮荫处理对云曼红豆杉苗木活性成分10-DAB、矿质营养累积和光合作用的影响,为云曼红豆杉林下综合利用和林-草复合生态系统的构建提供科学依据。以2年生云曼红豆杉实生苗为材料,设置5种光强条件,阐明云曼红豆杉对不同光照环境的响应策略。结果表明,遮荫对云曼红豆杉苗木各生长时期10-DAB累积具有显著影响(P < 0.05),10-DAB产量在4-10月呈上升趋势,10月达到最大值;随着遮荫的增强,各部位矿质元素的累积量均呈先增加再降低的趋势,其中,N和P在75%遮荫处理下最高,含量大小依次为叶>根>茎,K在50%遮荫处理下最高,含量大小依次为叶>茎>根;遮荫可以显著提高云曼红豆杉光合色素含量(P < 0.05),随遮荫的增强呈“先升后降”的变化规律,75%遮荫下最大,净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)的变化规律同光合色素相一致,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)则是先降低后增加,在95%遮荫下的各指标(除Ci)均最低。重度遮荫抑制了云曼红豆杉光合作用,遮荫强度可以有效提高云曼红豆杉苗木(枝叶)10-DAB产量及矿质营养累积,云曼红豆杉苗木培育宜选50%-75%遮荫。

关键词: 遮荫, 云曼红豆杉, 10-DAB累积, 养分累积, 光合特性

Abstract:

Light is a necessary environment factor for plant growth. Revealing the effects of different shading treatments on the active component 10-deacetylbaccatine III(10-DAB),mineral nutrient accumulation and photosynthesis of Taxus madia × T.Yunnanensis ‘Yunman’(YM)seedlings would provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of YM forest and the construction of forest-grass composite ecosystems. 2-year-old yews of YM seedlings were used as materials,and 5 light intensity conditions(full light,30% shading,50% shading,75% shading,and 95% shading)were set to clarify the response strategy of YM to different light environments. The results showed that shading had a significant effect on the accumulation of 10-DAB in each growth period of YM seedlings(P<0.05). The yield of 10-DAB showed an upward trend from April to October and reached a maximum in October. With the enhancement of shade,the accumulation of mineral elements in each part showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. Among them,N and P were the highest under 75% shading treatment,and the contents of mineral nutrition in each part were in the order of leaf > root > stem,K was the highest under 50% shading treatment,and its content was in the order of leaf > stem > root. The photosynthetic pigment content of YM increased significantly under shading(P<0.05),and increased first and then decreased with the increase of shading. Under 75% shading,the photosynthetic pigment content was the highest. The changes in net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),and transpiration rate(Tr)were consistent with the photosynthetic pigment content. The intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)decreased first and then increased,and the indexes(except Ci)were the lowest under 95% shading. In summary,heavy shading inhibited the photosynthesis of YM. Shading intensity can effectively improve 10-DAB yield and mineral nutrient accumulation of YM seedlings(branches and leaves),and 50%-75% shading is suitable for YM seedlings cultivation.

Key words: shading, Taxus madia × T. Yunnanensis ‘Yunman’, 10-DAB accumulation, nutrient accumulation, photosynthetic characteristics