植物PPR蛋白的功能及其作用机制

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-1185

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

RNA编辑是一种转录后水平的加工修饰过程，通过碱基插入、缺失或替换使成熟的RNA不同于其 DNA模板链，这是植物一种通用的修正机制，以恢复因DNA突变而发生改变的保守氨基酸。PPR蛋白（pentatricopeptide repeat protein）是一类重要的RNA编辑因子，在植物中广泛分布，是高等植物最大的家族之一。目前已有很多研究表明其在植物生长发育中发挥重要作用，主要功能是通过参与RNA前体的加工，如实现RNA C-U的转变、参与内含子剪接、影响mRNA稳定和翻译等影响细胞器基因的表达，从而影响光合作用、呼吸作用、植物发育和环境响应。本文对PPR蛋白分类、定位、功能及其作用机制进行综述，并展望了PPR蛋白的应用前景，旨在为后续PPR蛋白功能的研究解析及其应用提供理论基础。

关键词: PPR蛋白, RNA编辑, RNA加工, 作用机制

Abstract:

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional level process of processing and modification that makes mature RNA different from its DNA template strand by base insertion, deletion, or replacement, which is a universal correction mechanism in plants to restore conserved amino acids that have been altered by DNA mutations. PPR proteins (pentatricopeptide repeat protein) are an important class of RNA editing factors that are widely distributed in plants and constitute one of the largest families of higher plants. At present, many studies have shown that it plays an important role in plant growth and development. Its main function is to affect the expression of organelle genes by participating in the processing of RNA precursors, such as achieving the transformation of RNA C-U, participating in intron splicing, affecting mRNA stability and translation, etc., thus affecting photosynthesis, respiration, plant development and environmental response. In this paper, the classification, localization, function and mechanism of PPR protein reported in recent years are reviewed, the application prospect of PPR protein is also prospected, aiming to provide theoretical basis for the subsequent research and analysis of the function of PPR protein and its application.

Key words: PPR protein, RNA editing, RNA processing, mechanism

王一凡, 朱鸿亮. 植物PPR蛋白的功能及其作用机制[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(6): 27-37.

WANG Yi-fan, ZHU Hong-liang. Research Progress in the Function and Their Action Mechanism of Plant PPR Protein[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(6): 27-37.

图/表 3

图1 PPR蛋白的分类

Fig. 1 Classification of PPR proteins

图2 植物中RNA编辑的过程

Fig. 2 Process of RNA editing in plants

图3 RNA编辑复合体发挥编辑功能猜想模型

Fig. 3 Guess model of RNA editing complex as editing role

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