植物小分子信号肽参与非生物逆境胁迫应答的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-0139

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物小分子信号肽（small signaling peptides, SSPs）是一类蛋白长度小于120个氨基酸的小肽，作为新型信号分子在植物应答非生物逆境胁迫中发挥重要的作用。植物中含有千余种SSPs，多种多样的结构特点、修饰过程与不同受体的结合发挥其特异的功能，参与植物与环境之间的互作。挖掘鉴定植物SSPs功能基因，解析它们应答非生物逆境胁迫的调控机制，对增强植物抗性、改善植物生长具有重要的理论与实践意义。植物SSPs主要包括胞外非分泌型小肽、胞内非分泌型小肽、胞外翻译后修饰分泌型小肽和胞外富含半胱氨酸分泌型小肽四大类。介绍了四类植物SSPs的结构、特征；阐述了它们以SSP配体结合LRR-RLK受体激酶完成信号转导过程，以激活下游抗性基因表达为模式的调控机制；重点综述了它们在干旱、高温、盐渍、营养等非生物逆境胁迫应答中的生物学功能及调控机制。最后讨论了植物SSPs未来研究的方向和有待解决的问题，还对SSPs类生长调节剂的开发前景进行了展望，旨在为提高植物应对环境胁迫和实现农业可持续发展提供新的思路和路径。

关键词: 植物小分子信号肽, 非生物逆境, 结构特征, 受体激酶, 作用机制, 信号转导, 植物抗性

Abstract:

Plant small signaling peptides（SSPs）are a class of small peptides with a protein length of less than 120 amino acids. They play an important role as novel signaling molecules in plant responses to abiotic stresses. There are over thousand kinds of SSPs in plants. Their diverse structural features, modification processes, and the binding of different receptors exert their specific functions to participate in the interactions between plants and their environment. The identification of functional genes of plant SSPs and the analysis of their regulatory mechanisms in response to abiotic stresses are of great theoretical and practical importance for enhancing plant resistance and improving plant growth. Plant SSPs mainly include four major categories: extracellular non-secretory small peptides, intracellular non-secretory small peptides, extracellular post-translational modified secretory small peptides, and extracellular cysteine-rich secretory small peptides. We briefly describe four types of plant SSPs'structure and characteristics in this review. We also elucidate their regulatory mechanisms in which SSP ligands bind to LRR-RLK receptor kinases to complete the signal transduction process and activate the expressions of downstream resistance genes. We mainly elaborate on their biological functions and their function mechanisms in response to abiotic stresses such as drought, high temperature, salinity, and nutrient deficiency. Finally, we discuss the future research directions and unresolved issues of plant SSPs. We also look forward to the development of corresponding SSPs-based growth regulators, aiming to provide new ideas for improving plant responses to environmental stress and achieving sustainable agricultural development.

Key words: plant small signaling peptides, abiotic stress, structural characteristics, receptor kinases, mechanism, signal transduction, plant resistance

陈广霞, 李秀杰, 蒋锡龙, 单雷, 张志昌, 李勃. 植物小分子信号肽参与非生物逆境胁迫应答的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(11): 61-73.

CHEN Guang-xia, LI Xiu-jie, JIANG Xi-long, SHAN Lei, ZHANG Zhi-chang, LI Bo. Research Progress in Plant Small Signaling Peptides Involved in Abiotic Stress Response[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(11): 61-73.

图/表 4

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类别 Classification	基因 Gene	功能 Function	物种 Species	参考文献Reference
胞外非分泌型小肽Extracellular non-secretory small peptides	Systemin系统素	植物免疫反应Plant immune response	番茄Tomato	[4]
胞外非分泌型小肽Extracellular non-secretory small peptides	AtPep1内源多肽	抗病原菌防御Anti-pathogen defense	拟南 Arabidopsis	[19]
胞内非分泌型小肽Intracellular non-secretory small peptides	ENOD40	植物固氮过程Plant nitrogen fixation process	豆类Legumes	[20]
	PLS（Polaris）	根生长Root growth	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[22]
	ROT4/DVL1	极性细胞增殖Polar cells proliferation	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[23]
胞外翻译后修饰分泌型小肽 Extracellular post-translationally modified secretory small peptides	CLE（CLAVATA3/Embryo Surrounding Region-Related）	分生组织分化Meristem differentiation	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[6]
	TDIF	木质部导管分化Xylem vessel differentiation	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[24]
	PSK（植物硫肽素Phytosulfokine）	植物生长发育和免疫应答Plant growth and development and immune response	水稻Rice	[8]
	PSY1（八氢番茄红素合成酶Phytoene synthase）	细胞增殖和膨胀Cell proliferation and expansion	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[25]
	CEP（C端编码的肽C-terminally encode peptide）	植物发育Plant development	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[7]
	RGF1	根分生组织生长Root meristem growth	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[11]
	IDA（花序缺乏脱落Inflorescence deficient in abscission）	花器官脱落Abscission of floral organs	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[26]
	CLE-RS1（CLAVATA3/ESR-related-root signal1）	根结瘤Root nodulation	豆类Legumes	[27]
胞外富含半胱氨酸分泌型小肽 Extracellular cysteine-rich peptides secretory small peptides	PDFs植物防御素	植物先天免疫 Plant innate immunity	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[28]
	RALF（快速碱化因子Rapid alkalinization factor）	细胞快速碱性化Cells rapid alkalization	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[10]
	TPD1（Tapetum determinant l）	绒毡层细胞命运决定Tapetal cell fate determination	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[29]
	LURE	花粉管导向Pollen tube guidance	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[30]
	EA1（Egg apparatus 1）	花粉管的形成Formation of pollen tube	玉米Maize	[31]
	EPF（表皮模式因子Epidermal patterning factor）	气孔发育Plant tomatal development	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[12]
	LAT52	花粉萌发Pollen germination	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[32]
	STOMAGEN气孔蛋白	气孔形成Stomatal formation	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[33]

类别 Classification	基因 Gene	功能 Function	物种 Species	参考文献Reference
胞外非分泌型小肽Extracellular non-secretory small peptides	Systemin系统素	植物免疫反应Plant immune response	番茄Tomato	[4]
胞外非分泌型小肽Extracellular non-secretory small peptides	AtPep1内源多肽	抗病原菌防御Anti-pathogen defense	拟南 Arabidopsis	[19]
胞内非分泌型小肽Intracellular non-secretory small peptides	ENOD40	植物固氮过程Plant nitrogen fixation process	豆类Legumes	[20]
	PLS（Polaris）	根生长Root growth	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[22]
	ROT4/DVL1	极性细胞增殖Polar cells proliferation	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[23]
胞外翻译后修饰分泌型小肽 Extracellular post-translationally modified secretory small peptides	CLE（CLAVATA3/Embryo Surrounding Region-Related）	分生组织分化Meristem differentiation	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[6]
	TDIF	木质部导管分化Xylem vessel differentiation	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[24]
	PSK（植物硫肽素Phytosulfokine）	植物生长发育和免疫应答Plant growth and development and immune response	水稻Rice	[8]
	PSY1（八氢番茄红素合成酶Phytoene synthase）	细胞增殖和膨胀Cell proliferation and expansion	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[25]
	CEP（C端编码的肽C-terminally encode peptide）	植物发育Plant development	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[7]
	RGF1	根分生组织生长Root meristem growth	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[11]
	IDA（花序缺乏脱落Inflorescence deficient in abscission）	花器官脱落Abscission of floral organs	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[26]
	CLE-RS1（CLAVATA3/ESR-related-root signal1）	根结瘤Root nodulation	豆类Legumes	[27]
胞外富含半胱氨酸分泌型小肽 Extracellular cysteine-rich peptides secretory small peptides	PDFs植物防御素	植物先天免疫 Plant innate immunity	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[28]
	RALF（快速碱化因子Rapid alkalinization factor）	细胞快速碱性化Cells rapid alkalization	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[10]
	TPD1（Tapetum determinant l）	绒毡层细胞命运决定Tapetal cell fate determination	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[29]
	LURE	花粉管导向Pollen tube guidance	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[30]
	EA1（Egg apparatus 1）	花粉管的形成Formation of pollen tube	玉米Maize	[31]
	EPF（表皮模式因子Epidermal patterning factor）	气孔发育Plant tomatal development	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[12]
	LAT52	花粉萌发Pollen germination	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[32]
	STOMAGEN气孔蛋白	气孔形成Stomatal formation	拟南芥Arabidopsis	[33]