水稻黄绿叶突变体研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0465

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 叶绿素是植物光合作用的重要色素,叶绿素的合成决定植物的光合效率,并且直接影响作物的产量和品质。叶绿素的合成及分解代谢是一个非常复杂的过程,在此过程中有较多的基因参与,其中任何一个基因发生突变都有可能影响叶绿素的合成及分解,从而使叶片表现出各种叶色变化或者会影响植物的生长。叶色突变体研究是探明叶绿体发育过程中基因功能的有效途径。因此,发掘和鉴定叶色突变基因,开展与叶绿素相关基因的定位、克隆及功能研究均具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。综述了水稻黄绿叶突变体的研究进展,旨在为研究水稻叶绿素生物合成途径和光合作用机制提供理想的材料,同时还可作为标记性状在杂种优势中进行利用。

关键词: 水稻, 黄绿叶突变体, 叶绿体, 植物色素, 农艺性状

Abstract: Chlorophyll is the important pigment participating in photosynthesis in plant chloroplasts. The photosynthetic rate,the output and quality of crops are decided by synthesis of chlorophyll. Synthesis and catabolism of chlorophyll is a complicated process and many genes are involved in this process,in which any gene’s mutation would affect the synthesis and catabolism of chlorophyll and further lead to changing of the leaf colour or affecting the plant growth. The research of leaf colour mutant is an effective approach of verifying the gene function during the development of chloroplast. Therefore,it is of both important theoretical significance and application value to discover and identify the leaf colour mutant genes and to carry out the location,clone and function analysis of the chlorophyll-related genes. This paper reviews the research progresses on rice yellow green leaf mutants,which not only provides the promising materials for researching the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway and the mechanism of photosynthesis,but also can be used as the marker traits in heterosis.

Key words: rice, yellow green leaf mutants, chloroplast, plant pigment, agronomic trait

李素贞, 杨文竹, 陈茹梅. 水稻黄绿叶突变体研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(11): 15-21.

LI Su-zhen, YANG Wen-zhu, CHEN Ru-mei. An Overview on Yellow Green Leaf Mutants in Rice[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(11): 15-21.

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