硝酸根调控植物开花和产量分子机制的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0141

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选育早熟高产的新品种是作物遗传育种研究的重要方向。氮素是植物生长发育不可或缺的大量元素,也是调控植物开花时间和种子产量最为重要的营养元素。硝酸根（NO₃^-）是植物获取氮素的主要来源。其作为营养物质和信号分子,通过转运、代谢和信号转导等多种方式参与调控植物开花和产量。对模式植物拟南芥、水稻和其他主要农作物中硝酸根调控植物早熟高产的分子机制进行了较为全面的概括和阐述,以期为合理利用氮肥、提高氮素利用效率和培育早熟高产作物新品种提供理论参考。

关键词: 硝酸根, 开花, 产量, 分子机制

Abstract: Developing early-maturation high-yield varieties is one of the most desirable goals for crop breeding. Nitrogen（N）,the essential nutrient for plant development and growth,plays a key role in the regulation of flowering and yield productivity. Nitrate（NO₃^-）,the predominant N form in the soil,functions as a nutrient and signal to participate in the regulation of plant flowering and yield via various means such as transport,metabolism and signal transduction. In this review,we focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying nitrate-regulated early-maturity and high-yield in model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa as well as in staple crops. Through this review,we aim to provide a theoretical reference for rational utilization of nitrogen fertilizer,improvement of nitrogen utilization efficiency and cultivation of new varieties of early-maturing and high-yielding crops.

Key words: nitrate, flowering, yield, molecular mechanism

宫伟, 余健源, 张曦, 单晓昳. 硝酸根调控植物开花和产量分子机制的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(8): 162-172.

GONG Wei, YU Jian-yuan, ZHANG Xi, SHAN Xiao-yi. Research Progress on Molecular Mechanisms of Nitrate-regulated Plant Flowering and Yield[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(8): 162-172.

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