生物技术通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 152-160.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-1434

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

无人机叶面喷施梯度微肥对不同品种冬小麦籽粒矿质元素的影响

李文宗1(), 李春萍1, 梁鑫1, 王润豪1, 王磊2()   

  1. 1.河南华智营养科技有限公司,新乡 453000
    2.中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-24 出版日期:2021-09-26 发布日期:2021-10-25
  • 作者简介:李文宗,男,博士研究生,研究方向:作物代谢调控与营养强化;E-mail: lwzm1010@163.com

Effects of Foliar Gradient Micro-fertilizer Sprayed by UAV on the Grain Mineral Elements of Different Winter Wheat Varieties

LI Wen-zong1(), LI Chun-ping1, LIANG Xin1, WANG Run-hao1, WANG Lei2()   

  1. 1. Henan Huazhi Nutrition Technology Co. Ltd.,Xinxiang 453000
    2. Biotechnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081
  • Received:2020-11-24 Published:2021-09-26 Online:2021-10-25

摘要:

采用二因素裂区设计,对3个小麦品种在4种不同铁、锌、硒浓度水平下进行无人机叶面喷施,探究其对籽粒中的铁、锌、硒以及其它矿物元素含量的影响,以寻求最佳叶面喷施浓度组合及小麦品种。结果表明,郑麦0943在中浓度(2.5% FeSO4·7H2O + 2.5% ZnSO4·7H2O + 0.1% Na2SeO3)处理下可显著提高其籽粒铁、锌、硒含量;百农AK58及郑育麦958籽粒锌含量在不同浓度(T1:0.5% FeSO4·7H2O + 0.5% ZnSO4·7H2O + 0.02% Na2SeO3、T2:2.5% FeSO4·7H2O + 2.5% ZnSO4·7H2O + 0.1% Na2SeO3、T3:5% FeSO4·7H2O + 5% ZnSO4·7H2O + 0.2% Na2SeO3)处理下均可显著提高,籽粒铁、硒含量在不同浓度处理下变化均不显著。品种、叶面肥浓度及其互作对籽粒铁、锌、硒含量的影响均存在显著差异,其中品种为主要影响因素,其次是叶面肥的浓度。无人机叶面喷施不同浓度的铁、锌、硒混合微肥对3个小麦品种籽粒P、Ca、Mg、Cu、Mn的含量整体影响不大。在本实验处理下可显著提高小麦籽粒铁、锌、硒含量,达到营养强化目的,富铁小麦强化可以种植百农AK58,富锌小麦强化可以种植百农AK58及郑麦0943,富硒小麦强化可以种植郑麦0943。

关键词: 无人机, 叶面喷施, 微肥, 小麦, 矿质元素

Abstract:

A two-factor split-plot design method was adopted to conduct UAV foliar spraying in 3 wheat varieties at 4 different concentrations of iron,zinc and selenium,in order to explore their influences on the contents of iron,zinc,selenium and other mineral elements in grains,so as to seek the optimal combination of foliar spraying concentration and wheat varieties. The results showed that the grains’iron,zinc and selenium contents of Zhengmai 0943 significantly increased under medium concentration treatment(2.5% FeSO4·7H2O + 2.5% ZnSO4·7H2O + 0.1% Na2SeO3). The zinc content in the grains of Bainong AK58 and Zhengyumai 958 significantly increased under different concentration treatments(T1:0.5% FeSO4·7H2O + 0.5% ZnSO4·7H2O+ 0.02% Na2SeO3,T2:2.5% FeSO4·7H2O + 2.5% ZnSO4·7H2O + 0.1% Na2SeO3,T3:5% FeSO4·7H2O + 5% ZnSO4·7H2O + 0.2% Na2SeO3),while the iron and selenium contents in the grains did not vary significantly under different concentration treatments. There were significant differences in the effects of variety,concentration and interaction on the grains’iron,zinc,and selenium content,and variety was the major factor,and followed by foliar spraying concentration. Foliar spraying of different concentrations of iron,zinc,and selenium mixed micro-fertilizers by UAV demonstrated overall little effect on the P,Ca,Mg,Cu,and Mn contents of 3 wheat varieties. Under this experimental treatment,the contents of iron,zinc and selenium in the wheat grains significantly increased to achieve the purpose of nutritional enhancement. Therefore,it is recommended to plant Bainong AK58 for iron-rich wheat,Bainong AK58 and Zhengmai 0943 for zinc-rich wheat,and Zhengmai 0943 for selenium-rich wheat.

Key words: unmanned aerial vehicle, foliar spray, micro-fertilizer, wheat, mineral elements