生物技术通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 227-236.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0470

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物脱氮中工程纳米颗粒的毒害作用及减毒措施的研究进展

张漫漫(), 何腾霞(), 丁晨雨, 陈梦苹, 吴启凤   

  1. 贵州大学生命科学学院/农业生物工程研究院 山地植物资源保护与保护种质创新教育部重点实验室 山地生态与农业生物工程协同创新中心,贵阳 550025
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-11 出版日期:2022-02-26 发布日期:2022-03-09
  • 作者简介:张漫漫,女,硕士研究生,研究方向:环境微生物;E-mail: zhangmm815@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42007223);省教育厅自然科学研究青年人才成长项目(黔教合KY字〔2021〕086);贵州大学培育项目(贵大培育[2019]50号);贵州大学引进人才科研项目(贵大专基合字[2019]04)

Research Progress of the Toxic Effects and Detoxification Measures of Engineered Nanoparticles in Biological Nitrogen-removing Process

ZHANG Man-man(), HE Teng-xia(), DING Chen-yu, CHEN Meng-ping, WU Qi-feng   

  1. Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering(CICMEAB),College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025
  • Received:2021-04-11 Published:2022-02-26 Online:2022-03-09

摘要:

氮化合物在生命代谢过程中扮演着重要的角色,但过多的无机氮会导致水体恶化进而影响人类健康,生物脱氮技术可高效去除环境中的无机氮且不引起二次污染。随着工程纳米颗粒在生活中的广泛应用,导致其大量释放到土壤及水体中,极大地阻碍了废水处理中的生物脱氮过程,因此,微生物脱氮过程中工程纳米颗粒的毒害作用及减毒措施成了近年来的研究热点。阐述了工程纳米颗粒进入水环境的方式,系统分析了工程纳米颗粒对废水处理系统和生物脱氮过程的影响,详细说明了工程纳米颗粒对脱氮微生物的毒害作用、脱氮微生物的抵御机制及减毒措施,并对未来的研究趋势进行了展望。旨为提高工程纳米颗粒存在条件下的脱氮效率具有重要的理论指导意义,同时,可促进工程纳米颗粒对耐冷异养硝化和好氧反硝化菌的毒害及应激机制研究。

关键词: 工程纳米颗粒, 生物脱氮, 毒害作用, 解毒措施

Abstract:

Nitrogen compounds play an important role in the metabolism of life. However,excessive inorganic nitrogen may cause water deterioration and affect human health. Biological nitrogen-removing technology can efficiently remove inorganic nitrogen from the environment without causing secondary pollution. With the wide application of engineered nanoparticles in life,a large number of them have been released into the soil and water bodies,which greatly hinder the biological nitrogen-removing process in wastewater treatment process. Therefore,the toxic effect of engineered nanoparticles and the detoxification measures during microbial nitrogen-removing process have become the research hotspots in recent years. In this paper,the way of engineered nanoparticles entering water environment is described carefully. Thereafter,the impact of engineered nanoparticles on wastewater treatment systems and biological denitrification are systematically analyzed. Additionally,the toxic effects of engineered nanoparticles on denitrifying microorganisms and the detoxification mechanism of denitrifying microorganisms are carefully analyzed. The prospects for future research trends are proposed. It is aimed to have a theoretical significance for improving the biological nitrogen-removing efficiency in the presence of engineered nanoparticles. Meanwhile,it may promote the exploration of the toxicity and stress mechanism of nanoparticles to heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification bacteria.

Key words: engineered nanoparticles, biological denitrification, toxic effect, detoxification measures