萝卜硫素纳米颗粒及其生物学应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0554

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

萝卜硫素是一种植物化学物质，具备抗氧化、抗癌、抗炎等多种生物活性。然而，萝卜硫素稳定差、热敏性强等因素限制了它在不同领域的应用。基于纳米技术的载药系统为萝卜硫素的多维应用提供了可能。通过与纳米技术结合，可以提高萝卜硫素的生物利用率，促进其临床试验的发展。基于以上特点，本文围绕萝卜硫素不同生物活性的具体作用机制、萝卜硫素纳米颗粒的特点及其生物学应用展开详细的介绍。其中，重点综述了应用于萝卜硫素递送的无机纳米颗粒、有机纳米颗粒及无机-有机复合纳米颗粒的特点，并根据萝卜硫素纳米颗粒的治疗多样性对其具体应用进行归纳总结。此外，对当前萝卜硫素纳米颗粒面临的主要问题与发展前景作出展望，以期扩展萝卜硫素的应用领域，为未来食品、保健、医疗科技的发展注入新的动力。

关键词: 萝卜硫素, 生物活性, 纳米技术, 药物装载, 靶向递送

Abstract:

Sulforaphane is a phytochemical that has been reported to possess various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory. However, factors such as poor instability and thermal sensitivity of sulforaphane limit its application in different fields. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems offer the possibility of multidimensional applications of sulforaphane. By combining with nanotechnology, the bioavailability of sulforaphane can be improved and its clinical trials can be promoted. Based on the above characteristics, this paper presents a detailed overview of the specific mechanisms of action of different biological activities of sulforaphane, the characteristics of sulforaphane nanoparticles and their biological applications. Among them, it focuses on the overview of the characteristics of inorganic nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles and inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles applied for sulforaphane delivery, and summarizes the specific applications of sulforaphane nanoparticles according to their therapeutic diversity. In addition, the article gives an overview of the main issues and development prospects of sulforaphane nanoparticles, with a view to expanding the application fields of sulforaphane and injecting new impetus into the future development of food, health care, and medical science and technology.

Key words: sulforaphane, bioactivity, nanoparticle, drug delivery, targeted delivery

高欣茹, 许文涛. 萝卜硫素纳米颗粒及其生物学应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2025, 41(1): 62-73.

GAO Xin-ru, XU Wen-tao. Sulforaphane Nanoparticles and Biological Applications[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(1): 62-73.

图/表 2

图1 萝卜硫素通过 Nrf2-Keap1 系统增强抗氧化活性

Fig. 1 Sulforaphane enhances antioxidant activity through the Nrf2-Keap1 system

图2 关于萝卜硫素在癌症中的表观遗传修饰的汇总方案 X：抑制；Ac：乙酰化；P：磷酸化；Me：甲基化；DNMT：DNA 甲基转移酶

Fig. 2 Summarized scheme regarding epigenetic modifications of sulforaphane in cancer X: Iinhibition; Ac: acetylation; P: phosphorylation; Me: methylation; DNMT: DNA methyltransferase

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