Research Progress on Mitochondrial Epigenetics

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0649

Abstract

Abstract: As the “power house” in the cell,mitochondrion is the main organelle to carry out the reaction of oxidative phosphorylation and to generate most of the ATP. Traditionally,it is suggested that mitochondria was lack of any epigenetic mechanism,but the discovery of DNA methyltransferase,5-methylcytosine,and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian mitochondria in 2011 contradicted with this statement. In mitochondria,the DNA methyltransferase and the patterns of both DNA methylation and DNA hydroxymethylation are quite different compared with the nuclear genome DNA,and the changes of environmental factors would cause the impacts on the mitochondrial DNA methylation . In addition,epigenetic factors of mitochondrial DNA also include mitochondrial long noncoding RNA,mitochondrial miRNA and mitochondrial DNA binding protein. With the continuous improvement of research techniques,the use of mitochondrial DNA methylation as biomarker will become more extensive and its association with nuclear epigenetics will be further revealed.

Key words: mitochondrial DNA（mtDNA）, epigenetics, 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine

LIU Ying, GAO Li, FENG Jun-rong. Research Progress on Mitochondrial Epigenetics[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(1): 60-66.

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