Analysis of Morphological Characteristics and Genetic Variation in a New Germplasm Lilium lancifolium JD-h-15

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0091

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to cultivate a high-quality new germplasm of Lilium lancifolium，JD-h-15 induced by colchicine was used to analyze the chromosome ploidy after 3 years’ planting in the field. The plant morphology，stigma and pollen fertility，leaf epidermis and starch grain characteristics，and active components of bulb were compared in JD-h-15 and L. lancifolium control. Further their difference on molecular levels was analyzed by ISSR marker technology. The results showed that JD-h-15 has restored to be a triploid plant from an aneuploid chimera before. The plant height，leaf interval and leaf area of JD-h-15 significantly increased compared with that in the control，as well as the stem diameter and leaf number per plant decreased，in addition the flowering period per plant was advanced in JD-h-15 by 14 d. The single head rate of bulb in JD-h-15 was 93.75%，significantly higher than 70.00% of that in the control. Analysis of stigma acceptability in different flower periods revealed the stigma in 50-60 mm flower bud of JD-h-15 had a higher acceptability than that in the control. 13.71% of the pollen for JD-h-15 germinated normally，while the control pollen did not germinate，which was consistent with the expansion of ovary in JD-h-15 after self-pollination. Micromorphological analysis showed that the pollen grains of JD-h-15 were larger than those of the control，while the starch grains in bulbils and bulbs were much smaller than those of the control. In JD-h-15 bulbs，the contents of soluble sugar，total flavonoids and total saponins increased by 42.37%，67.54% and 45.65% respectively，while ascorbic acid，total phenolic acids and total alkaloids decreased by 22.86%，33.02% and 50.41% compared with that in the control. The 3 years’ old JD-h-15 and the control plants were genetically stable after ISSR marker analysis. Compared with the control，JD-h-15 plants experienced the genetic variation and the variation rate of JD-h-15 was 21.30%. These data provided a reference for the improvement of L. lancifolium genetic characters and the cultivation of new germplasm used by colchicine in lilies.

Key words: Lilium lancifolium, genetic improvement, morphological characteristics, active component, ISSR marker

FU Yong-yao, YI De-yan, YANG Xian-mao, CAI Li, LIANG Yu-hua, LEI Mei-yan, YANG Li-ping. Analysis of Morphological Characteristics and Genetic Variation in a New Germplasm Lilium lancifolium JD-h-15[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(11): 140-150.

Figures/Tables 12

References 36

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性状 Traits	JD-h-15	卷丹L. lancifolium
株高Height/cm	123.89±2.56**	89.48±1.23
茎粗Stem diameter/cm	0.74±0.02	0.82±0.02**
单株叶片数 Leaf number per plant/cm	90.76±2.92	112.96±1.68**
叶间距Leaf interval/cm	1.39±0.03**	0.79±0.01
叶长Leaf length/cm	13.92±0.18**	10.83±0.09
叶宽Leaf width/cm	1.47±0.02**	1.16±0.01
叶长宽比Leaf length-width ratio	9.68±0.21	9.49±0.12
叶面积Leaf area/cm²	16.08±0.34**	9.80±0.12
单株叶片总面积Total leaf area per plant/cm²	1 465.80±68.09**	1 111.54±28.43
花径Flower diameter/mm	88.37±1.02	91.27±1.38
内轮花被片长Inner tepal length/cm	9.98±0.05	9.93±0.10
内轮花被片宽Inner tepal width/cm	2.63±0.03**	2.52±0.03
外轮花被片长Outer tepal length/cm	9.31±0.36	9.82±0.08
外轮花被片宽Outer tepal width/cm	1.82±0.03	1.71±0.05
花丝长Filament length/cm	7.31±0.05	7.18±0.05
花药长Anther length/cm	2.07±0.09	1.93±0.08
单个果实种子数 Number of seeds per individual fruit	236.64±5.34	0
单个果实正常大小种子数 Number of seeds in normal size per individual fruit	66.96±5.28	0
果实长Capsule length/cm	1.11±0.04	0
果实直径Capsule diameter/cm	2.83±0.06	0
鳞茎重量Bulb weight/g	54.99±5.98	61.17±6.71
鳞茎周径Bulb perimeter/cm	16.49±0.65	18.06±0.85
鳞茎最大直径Bulb max diameter/cm	5.50±0.21	6.23±0.29
珠芽重量Bulbil weight/g	0.54±0.02	0.55±0.02
珠芽最大直径Bulbil max diameter/cm	1.12±0.02	1.16±0.02

性状 Traits	JD-h-15	卷丹L. lancifolium
株高Height/cm	123.89±2.56**	89.48±1.23
茎粗Stem diameter/cm	0.74±0.02	0.82±0.02**
单株叶片数 Leaf number per plant/cm	90.76±2.92	112.96±1.68**
叶间距Leaf interval/cm	1.39±0.03**	0.79±0.01
叶长Leaf length/cm	13.92±0.18**	10.83±0.09
叶宽Leaf width/cm	1.47±0.02**	1.16±0.01
叶长宽比Leaf length-width ratio	9.68±0.21	9.49±0.12
叶面积Leaf area/cm²	16.08±0.34**	9.80±0.12
单株叶片总面积Total leaf area per plant/cm²	1 465.80±68.09**	1 111.54±28.43
花径Flower diameter/mm	88.37±1.02	91.27±1.38
内轮花被片长Inner tepal length/cm	9.98±0.05	9.93±0.10
内轮花被片宽Inner tepal width/cm	2.63±0.03**	2.52±0.03
外轮花被片长Outer tepal length/cm	9.31±0.36	9.82±0.08
外轮花被片宽Outer tepal width/cm	1.82±0.03	1.71±0.05
花丝长Filament length/cm	7.31±0.05	7.18±0.05
花药长Anther length/cm	2.07±0.09	1.93±0.08
单个果实种子数 Number of seeds per individual fruit	236.64±5.34	0
单个果实正常大小种子数 Number of seeds in normal size per individual fruit	66.96±5.28	0
果实长Capsule length/cm	1.11±0.04	0
果实直径Capsule diameter/cm	2.83±0.06	0
鳞茎重量Bulb weight/g	54.99±5.98	61.17±6.71
鳞茎周径Bulb perimeter/cm	16.49±0.65	18.06±0.85
鳞茎最大直径Bulb max diameter/cm	5.50±0.21	6.23±0.29
珠芽重量Bulbil weight/g	0.54±0.02	0.55±0.02
珠芽最大直径Bulbil max diameter/cm	1.12±0.02	1.16±0.02

材料 Materials	花苞40-50 mm Bud 40-50 mm	花苞50-60 mm Bud 50-60 mm	花苞60-70 mm Bud 60-70 mm	花苞70 mm以上 Bud > 70 mm	花开当天 Flowering day
JD-h-15	+	+	+ + +	+ + +	+ + +
卷丹L. lancifolium	+	+ +	+ + +	+ + +	+ + +

材料 Materials	花苞40-50 mm Bud 40-50 mm	花苞50-60 mm Bud 50-60 mm	花苞60-70 mm Bud 60-70 mm	花苞70 mm以上 Bud > 70 mm	花开当天 Flowering day
JD-h-15	+	+	+ + +	+ + +	+ + +
卷丹L. lancifolium	+	+ +	+ + +	+ + +	+ + +

性状 Traits	JD-h-15	卷丹L. lancifolium
花粉粒径Pollen grain diameter/μm	66.23±0.39**	61.23±0.39
花粉粒投影面积Projected area of a pollen grain /μm²	2 023.35±33.48**	1 760.23±23.38
叶上表皮细胞长Length of leaf abaxial epidermis/μm	557.97±20.03	565.25±19.55
叶上表皮细胞宽Width of leaf abaxial epidermis/μm	73.56±1.27	70.92±1.35
叶上表皮细胞面积Area of leaf abaxial epidermis/μm²	40 646.72±1 382.35	39 513.50±1 274.04
保卫细胞长Guard cell length/μm	104.64±1.00	104.38±1.12
保卫细胞宽Guard cell width/μm	59.37±0.88	60.17±0.83
气孔长Stoma length/μm	72.16±1.28*	66.71±0.95
气孔宽 Stoma width/μm	15.91±0.34	18.48±0.95**
气孔密度Stoma density/（Stomas/mm²）	38.93±1.38	36.96±1.28
鳞茎淀粉粒径Bulb starch grain diameter/μm	23.42±0.50	26.98±0.48**
珠芽淀粉粒径Bulbil starch grain diameter/μm	17.61±0.54	23.00±0.52**
鳞茎淀粉粒投影面积Projected area of bulb starch grain/μm²	371.63±12.45	428.01±14.00**
珠芽淀粉粒投影面积Projected area of bulbil starch grain/μm²	167.46±5.48	289.54±14.02**