Application of Single-virus Tracking Technique in Animal and Plant Cells

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-1044

Abstract

Abstract:

Virus is a kind of simple microorganism specializing in intracellular parasitics, which is one of the main pathogens causing animal and plant diseases. The development of single-virus tracking（SVT）technology makes it possible to reveal the fine process of viral life activity. SVT is a new method to study the mechanism of viral infection based on fluorescence labeling and high spatio-temporal resolution imaging, which allows the observation of the life activity of a single or multiple viruses. In recent years, the SVT technology has made great progress in the study of virus entry, replication, and intercellular transmission, providing new insights into the mechanism of virus infection. In this paper, the principle and strategy types of virus labeling are briefly introduced, and the research progress of virus fluorescence labeling in single virus tracing is summarized, especially the labeling and imaging methods of different structures of viruses, aiming to provide new ideas for optimizing labeling strategies and solving the problem of efficient labeling of different types and structures of viruses.

Key words: virus labeling, single virus tracking, fluorescent dye, fluorescent protein, quantum dots

YUAN Xiao-yan, ZHANG Yu-ge, YAO Li-juan, TANG Chen, LI Xiao-juan. Application of Single-virus Tracking Technique in Animal and Plant Cells[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(4): 52-66.

Figures/Tables 3

Fig. 1 Life cycles of animal virus and plant virus After a series of steps such as receptor contact, entry, transport, uncoating, replication, translation and assembly, the animal virus synthesized the progeny virus and left the cell through exocytosis, budding or lysis. Plant viruses undergo a similar process to animal viruses after entering the cells. The difference is that they leave the primary infected cells through the plant plasmodesmata and carry out intercellular transport after completing the assembly of progeny viruses

Fig. 2 Virus fluorescence labeling strategies The commonly used fluorescence labeling strategies in single virus tracking technology can be divided into three categories: Chemical labeling, coding tag labeling and encoding fluorescent protein labeling. Chemical labeling methods include cross-linking reaction, click chemistry and biotin-streptavidin interaction; coding tag labeling methods include peptide tag-mediated labeling and oligonucleotide-guided labeling

Fig. 3 Spatiotemporal resolution of different imaging techniques The figure shows, from top to bottom, the range of spatial and temporal resolution of the fluorescent microscopy imaging techniques commonly used in single-virus tracking. Refer to Schermelleh et al[125]

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