Preparation of NH3 and H2S Deodorizing Microbial Agents and Their Deodorizing Effects and Mechanisms on Kitchen Waste Composting

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-0277

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to alleviate the pollution caused by the odor gas generated by the degradation or decay of kitchen waste, eight strains with deodorizing effect on NH₃ and H₂S were isolated and screened from sludge and kitchen waste compost, and mixed them to prepare a composite microbial deodorant. The deodorization effect, physicochemical properties and microbial community changes during composting were studied. The results from response surface analysis showed that the degradation rate of NH₄⁺-N was 92.55% under optimal temperature, pH and inoculum for NH₄⁺-N degradation rate were 27℃, 6.21 and 14%, respectively. The maximum yield of SO₄^2- was 173.57 mg/L when the optimal temperature, pH and inoculum for SO₄^2- production were 29℃, 6.61 and 5%, respectively. The removal rates of H₂S and NH₃ reached 61.72% and 55.32%, respectively after adding microbial agents in kitchen waste composting. Meanwhile, it reduced the water content, C/N and pH. Besides, it promoted the composting temperature rising, and extended the time of high temperature. In addition, the addition of bacterial agent is beneficial to the change of microbial community structure, increases the number of bacteria that remove ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, accelerates the metabolic transformation process of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, and suppresses the amount of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide released, which has promising application potential for the control of kitchen waste odor gases.

Key words: microbial deodorant, screening, NH₃, H₂S

CUI Ruo-qi, ZHANG Ling-yue, JIANG Hai-rong, ZHANG Yu-ling, ZHANG Ming-lu, REN Lian-hai. Preparation of NH₃ and H₂S Deodorizing Microbial Agents and Their Deodorizing Effects and Mechanisms on Kitchen Waste Composting[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(10): 311-322.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1 Response surface analysis factors and levels

因素 Factor	水平 Level
因素 Factor	-1	0	1
pH（A）	5	6.5	8
温度（B）Temperature/℃	20	27.5	35
接种量（C）Inoculation volume/%	1	10.5	20

Table 2 Screening results and degradation rates

类别 Category	菌株编号 Strain No.	降解率 Degradation rate/%
NH₃	X21	59.86
NH₃	J3	75.14
H₂S	X1	95.14
	X2	61.11
	X6	92.11
	X7	94.74
	X10	77.78
	X20	60.17
	X21	63.14
	X31	92.75
	X32	92.20
	X33	67.47
	DX6	58.10
	DX7	54.74
	DX13	55.50
	DX15	59.66
	DX19	50.86
	DX20	77.76

Table 3 Design and results of BOX-Behnken response surface experiment

项目编号 No.	A	B	C	Y1	Y2
项目编号 No.	温度 Temperature/℃	pH	接种量Inoculation volume/%	NH₄⁺-N降解率NH₄⁺-N degradation rate/%	SO₄^2-生成量SO₄^2-generation/mg
1	35	6.5	1.0	32.81	85.04
2	35	8.0	10.5	27.24	120.23
3	27.5	6.5	10.5	96.66	176.93
4	35	5.0	10.5	54.38	77.22
5	20	6.5	1.0	23.29	87.00
6	27.5	6.5	10.5	93.63	180.84
7	27.5	6.5	10.5	93.75	190.62
8	27.5	8.0	1.0	54.38	143.70
9	20	8.0	10.5	20.38	94.82
10	27.5	5.0	20	96.02	145.65
11	27.5	6.5	10.5	61.41	188.66
12	35	6.5	20	40.81	126.10
13	27.5	5.0	1.0	94.76	128.05
14	27.5	8.0	20	94.85	128.05
15	20	6.5	20	44.60	79.18
16	20	5.0	10.5	25.94	83.09
17	27.5	6.5	10.5	94.49	186.71

Fig. 1 Response surface plot of three factors on NH4+-N degradation rate and SO42- production A: Response surface plots of temperature and pH to NH4+-N. B: Response surface plots of temperature and inoculation amount to NH4+-N. C: Response surface plot of pH and inoculation amount to NH4+-N. D: Response surface plots of temperature and pH to SO42-. E: Response surface plots of temperature and inoculation amount to SO42-. F: Response surface plot of pH and inoculation amount to SO42-

Fig. 2 Cumulative emissions of NH3 and H2S

Fig. 3 Changes of temperature，pH，C/N and moisture content during composting

Fig. 4 Composition of microbial community at phylum level in compost samples K1-K19 and S1-S19 are the compost samples on day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and 19 for the blank group and the experimental group, respectively. The same below

Fig. 5 Composition of microbial community at genus level in compost samples

Fig. 6 NMDS analysis of different compost samples

Fig. 7 KEGG statistics of functional genes

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Preparation of NH₃ and H₂S Deodorizing Microbial Agents and Their Deodorizing Effects and Mechanisms on Kitchen Waste Composting

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