Mechanism and Industrial Application of Bacillus Tolerance to Stress Conditions

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0183

Abstract

Abstract:

Bacillus, as a highly potential chassis strain, can grow in various industrial and agricultural waste and extreme conditions. They can also produce a variety of industrial products such as food, feed, probiotics, plant growth promoters, enzymes, and bioactive compounds. However, despite their advantages in efficient production and low cost, Bacillus still face several bottlenecks in fermentation production, limiting the full exploitation of their industrial potential. One of the key issues is that the growth and production efficiency during fermentation are easily restricted by various stress conditions, leading to incomplete and inefficient fermentation production. Therefore, exploring the influencing factors and modification strategies of Bacillus stress response, and exploring the relationship between its various metabolic activities and growth traits, can enhance the tolerance of Bacillus to stress and improve their quality and quantity in industrial applications.This article first analyzes the various stress response mechanisms of Bacillus, aiming to further enhance its stress tolerance and to construct a high-efficiency production strain with excellent resistance, and then summarizes the irrational design strategies for screening resistant strains. It also elaborates on the construction methods of stress-resistant gene circuits and high-tolerance microbial chassis. These efforts provide strategies and insights to advance research on stress tolerance mechanisms in Bacillus and expand its industrial applications.

Key words: Bacillus, tolerance to stress, modification strategy, industrial applications

HAN Zhong-rao, HUO Yi-xin, GUO Shu-yuan. Mechanism and Industrial Application of Bacillus Tolerance to Stress Conditions[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(8): 24-38.

Figures/Tables 9

References 105

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工业产品 Industrial application	菌株 Strain	菌株特性 Characteristics	产量 Titer	参考文献 Reference
乙偶姻	B. subtilis 168-phaCBA	将聚羟基丁酸合成途径引入B. subtilis 168，显著提升菌株乙偶姻耐受能力，进而提升乙偶姻工业生产产量	70.14 g/L	[54]
甲萘醌-7	B. subtilis 20-QT	枯草芽胞杆菌中共过表达基因tatAD-CD和qcrA-C	410 mg/L	[60]
鲨肌醇	B. subtilis KW018	敲除基因iolHIJ、iolX 和iolR且过表达基因amyE	22 g/L	[55]
透明质酸	B. subtilis RBSTr3	通过改造透明质酸合酶（HAS）获得高产透明质酸突变菌株	728 mg/L	[56]
核黄素	B. subtilis U3	利用基于液滴的微流体技术筛选分离枯草芽胞杆菌高产核黄素突变体	24.3 g/L	[57]
2,3-丁二醇	B. subtilis BS-ppb11	枯草芽胞杆菌中过表达2,3-丁二醇脱氢酶	96.5 g/L	[61]
聚γ-谷氨酸	B. subtilis GXC-36	使用阶段控制发酵和黏度降低策略优化发酵流程，提升聚γ-谷氨酸工业发酵产量	22.17 g/L	[54]
N-乙酰葡糖胺	B. subtilis 168 BNDR122	敲除基因nagP、gamP、gamA、gamR、nagA、nagB、ldh、alsRSD、pta、ackA、glcK、pckA、pyk、lacA和amyE	131.6 g/L	[62]
异丁醇	B. subtilis GI10	敲除非必须基因134.3 kb后获得异丁醇高产菌株	201.7 mg/L	[58]

工业产品 Industrial application	菌株 Strain	菌株特性 Characteristics	产量 Titer	参考文献 Reference
乙偶姻	B. subtilis 168-phaCBA	将聚羟基丁酸合成途径引入B. subtilis 168，显著提升菌株乙偶姻耐受能力，进而提升乙偶姻工业生产产量	70.14 g/L	[54]
甲萘醌-7	B. subtilis 20-QT	枯草芽胞杆菌中共过表达基因tatAD-CD和qcrA-C	410 mg/L	[60]
鲨肌醇	B. subtilis KW018	敲除基因iolHIJ、iolX 和iolR且过表达基因amyE	22 g/L	[55]
透明质酸	B. subtilis RBSTr3	通过改造透明质酸合酶（HAS）获得高产透明质酸突变菌株	728 mg/L	[56]
核黄素	B. subtilis U3	利用基于液滴的微流体技术筛选分离枯草芽胞杆菌高产核黄素突变体	24.3 g/L	[57]
2,3-丁二醇	B. subtilis BS-ppb11	枯草芽胞杆菌中过表达2,3-丁二醇脱氢酶	96.5 g/L	[61]
聚γ-谷氨酸	B. subtilis GXC-36	使用阶段控制发酵和黏度降低策略优化发酵流程，提升聚γ-谷氨酸工业发酵产量	22.17 g/L	[54]
N-乙酰葡糖胺	B. subtilis 168 BNDR122	敲除基因nagP、gamP、gamA、gamR、nagA、nagB、ldh、alsRSD、pta、ackA、glcK、pckA、pyk、lacA和amyE	131.6 g/L	[62]
异丁醇	B. subtilis GI10	敲除非必须基因134.3 kb后获得异丁醇高产菌株	201.7 mg/L	[58]

工业产品 Industrial application	菌株 Strain	菌株特性 Characteristics	产量或酶活性 Titer or enzymatic activity	参考文献 Reference
聚-γ-谷氨酸	B. licheniformis CGMCC NO. 23967	发酵体系中添加FeSO₄·7H₂O可提高地衣芽胞杆菌聚-γ-谷氨酸的生产效率，这种添加导致细胞内代谢物丰度增加，包括氨基酸，有机酸和关键的TCA循环中间体等含量的上调	70.436 g/L	[67]
碱性蛋白酶	B. licheniformis BL10	利用单因素实验和响应面法开发和优化发酵条件，提升生产效率	39 233.6 U/mL	[68]
淀粉酶	B. licheniformis XS-4	采用常压室温等离子体（ARTP）诱导突变，获得地衣芽胞杆菌高产淀粉酶突变株	15 U/mL	[69]
几丁质酶	B. licheniformis PR2	地衣芽胞杆菌PR2可以分泌几丁质酶用于工蚁生物防治	82.3 U/mL	[70]
角质蛋白酶	B. licheniformis	使用Ni-NTA色谱法纯化后获得较高浓度角质蛋白酶	222.01 U/mL	[71]

工业产品 Industrial application	菌株 Strain	菌株特性 Characteristics	产量或酶活性 Titer or enzymatic activity	参考文献 Reference
聚-γ-谷氨酸	B. licheniformis CGMCC NO. 23967	发酵体系中添加FeSO₄·7H₂O可提高地衣芽胞杆菌聚-γ-谷氨酸的生产效率，这种添加导致细胞内代谢物丰度增加，包括氨基酸，有机酸和关键的TCA循环中间体等含量的上调	70.436 g/L	[67]
碱性蛋白酶	B. licheniformis BL10	利用单因素实验和响应面法开发和优化发酵条件，提升生产效率	39 233.6 U/mL	[68]
淀粉酶	B. licheniformis XS-4	采用常压室温等离子体（ARTP）诱导突变，获得地衣芽胞杆菌高产淀粉酶突变株	15 U/mL	[69]
几丁质酶	B. licheniformis PR2	地衣芽胞杆菌PR2可以分泌几丁质酶用于工蚁生物防治	82.3 U/mL	[70]
角质蛋白酶	B. licheniformis	使用Ni-NTA色谱法纯化后获得较高浓度角质蛋白酶	222.01 U/mL	[71]

工业产品 Industrial application	菌株 Strain	菌株特性 Characteristics	产量或酶活性 Titer or enzymatic activity	参考文献 Reference
碱性蛋白酶	B. cereus S8	由于其热稳定性和在碱性pH值下的活性较好，蜡样芽胞杆菌菌株S8表达的蛋白酶降解蛋白效率较高	20 U/mg	[76]
细菌纤维素	B. cereus	共培养蜡样芽胞杆菌和木糖驹形氏杆菌（Komagataeibacter xylinus）提高细菌生产纤维素的效率	4.4 g/L	[77]
反式-4-羟基-l-脯氨酸	B. cereus HBL-AI	从空气中分离出生产反式-4-羟基-l-脯氨酸（trans-Hyp）的蜡状芽胞杆菌HBL-AI，仅使用l-脯氨酸作为碳源进行筛选分离培养	46.2 g/L	[75]
角蛋白酶	B. cereus IIPK35	通过固态发酵（SSF）技术提升了蜡状芽胞杆菌IIPK35的角蛋白酶生产效率	648.28 U/gds	[74]
磷脂酶C	B. cereus PLC_Bc	利用响应曲面法（RMS）和效应面法设计优化蜡样芽胞杆菌的磷脂酶C 生产效率	51 U/mL	[78]