Biotechnology Bulletin ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 1-8.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-1204

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Research Progress on CRISPR-Cas13-mediated RNA Editing System

CHEN Min-jie1, 3, TANG Gui-yue1, 2, HONG Xiang-na1, 3, HAO Pei2, JIANG Jing3, LI Xuan1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032;
    2. Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology,Institute Pasteur of Shanghai,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031;
    3. Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology,State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,School of Life Sciences,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004
  • Received:2019-12-11 Online:2020-03-26 Published:2020-03-17

Abstract:

The immune defense system CRISPR-Cas,which is universal in bacteria and archaea,has now been extensively used in the field of biotechnology,especially CRISPR-Cas9 for targeting DNA. However,the RNA-targeted CRISPR-Cas technology is still in the preliminary application stage. The discovery of VI-type CRISPR-Cas system(CRISPR-Cas13)reveals RNA-guided RNA targeting. CRISPR-Cas13 is the system in the CRISPR-Cas family that targets only ssRNA so far,which lays a foundation for RNA targeting and RNA editing. It has recently been demonstrated that VI-type CRISPR-Cas system can be divided into 4 subtypes(A-D)based on Cas13 phylogeny. Here we review the classification and defense mechanisms of the latest RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas13 systems,describes the advances in applications of CRISPR-Cas13 systems and in CRISPR-Cas13-mediated RNA editing system,and finally we analyze the remaining questions and highlight the prospects in CRISPR-Cas13-mediated RNA editing system.

Key words: CRISPR-Cas13, RNA editing, RNA technology, A>I, C>U