Biotechnology Bulletin ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 237-247.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0048

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Effects on Pathogen Inactivation at the Thermophilic Stage of Aerobic Composting and Its Impact Factors

YANG Tian-jie1(), ZHANG Ling-xin1, GU Shao-hua1, PAN Zi-hao2, JIANG Gao-fei1, WANG Shi-mei1, WEI Zhong1, XU Yang-chun2(), SHEN Qi-rong1   

  1. 1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Solid Waste Utilization/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization/National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers,Nanjing 210095
    2. OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis,College of Veterinary Medicine,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095
  • Received:2021-01-12 Online:2021-11-26 Published:2021-12-03
  • Contact: XU Yang-chun E-mail:tjyang@njau.edu.cn;ycxu@njau.edu.cn

Abstract:

There are large numbers of human and animal-plant pathogens at high risk of disease in the agricultural organic waste such as livestock manure and plant straws. Effects of pathogen inactivation during the thermophilic stage of aerobic composting and key factors affecting the survival of pathogens need to be investigated. Firstly,the pathogen survivals in 25 kinds of commercial organic fertilizers on the market were detected. Secondly,pathogen inactivation during the thermophilic stage of aerobic composting were investigated. Effects of temperature,pH and ammonium content on the survival of two model pathogens(Escherichia coli and Ralstonia solanacearum)were explored. Three of the 25 commercial organic fertilizers contained living potential pathogens,indicating that the organic fertilizers on commercial market still had potential environmental threats. The inactivation testing of pathogens during the thermophilic stage of aerobic composting showed that only pathogen DNA at very low abundance was detected in the composting heaps. The results in the laboratory showed that the survival of two model pathogens decreased with the increase of temperature,and the inactivation time became less. The pH presented different effects on the two pathogens. The higher the ammonium content was,the stronger the inhibitory effect on the growth of the two pathogens was. Thermophilic stage is important to pathogen inactivation during aerobic composting. Thermophilic stage during composting may effectively reduce most pathogens in the raw materials of composting such as livestock and poultry manure,which meet the requirements of relevant industry standards. Temperature,pH and ammonium content are important factors affecting pathogen survival in the composting heaps.

Key words: aerobic composting, thermophilic stage, pathogen, inactivation, parameters