Research Progress in Natural Products Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0372

Abstract

Abstract:

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus（PEDV）causes a coronavirus disease characterized by vomiting，acute diarrhea，dehydration，and up to 100% mortality in piglets，leading to huge economic losses in the global swine industry. Vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent and control PED. However，the existing vaccines no longer provide sufficient protective immunity against the new emerging PEDV variants. Natural compounds have the advantages of wide sources，diverse effects，low side effects and little drug-resistance，and were proved to have the activities against PEDV，showing a broad application prospect. Hereby we gather and discuss the current information about the anti-PEDV activities of natural compounds including plant-derived products，single medicinal herb extracts，Chinese herbal compound preparation，microbial metabolites，compounds derived from algae and animals，aiming to provide insights and references for the development of potential anti-PEDV drugs.

Key words: porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, plant-derived products, medicinal herb extracts, natural compounds, antiviral

CHENG Wen-yu, ZHANG Bo-xin, ZHAO Hong-yuan, CHEN Yan, XIE Juan-ping. Research Progress in Natural Products Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(12): 127-136.

Figures/Tables 2

References 52

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化合物/成分 Compound/Component	来源 Source	分类 Classification	EC₅₀/IC₅₀	作用机制 Mechanism of action	参考文献 Reference
银杏多糖	银杏外果皮	植物多糖	（1.7±1.3）g/mL	阻碍PEDV对细胞的吸附和侵入	[6]
马齿苋多糖	马齿苋	植物多糖		阻碍PEDV对细胞的吸附并能抑制病毒感染引起的炎症细胞因子分泌	[7]
黄芪多糖	发酵黄芪	植物多糖		抑制PEDV的复制；增强机体免疫反应	[8]
PCP1.1，1.2，2.1和2.2	广藿香	植物多糖		抑制PEDV增殖；阻断病毒侵入细胞	[9]
AOFP3	益智仁	植物多糖		增强宿主细胞抗氧化活性，降低PEDV感染诱导的ROS	[10]
槲皮素	中草药	黄酮类	2.12-2.56 μmol/L	与PEDV 3CLpro结合并抑制蛋白酶活性	[13]
槲皮素-7-鼠李糖苷	中草药	黄酮类	0.014 μg/mL	影响PEDV感染的初始阶段	[14-15]
黄腐酚	啤酒花	类黄酮	3.865 μmol/L	降低PEDV感染诱导的ROS	[16-17]
表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯	茶叶	多酚	12.39 μmol/L	阻碍PEDV的附着、入侵、复制和组装	[19-20]
金丝桃素	贯叶连翘	二蒽酮	（3.53±0.33）μmol/L	与PEDV 3CLpro结合并抑制蛋白酶的活性	[21]
黄连素	黄连、黄柏	生物碱		抑制PEDV的复制和组装，减弱病毒诱导的细胞凋亡反应	[22]
番茄碱	番茄	生物碱	3.447 μmol/L	与PEDV 3CLpro结合并抑制蛋白酶的活性	[18]
高三尖杉酯碱	三尖杉属植物	生物碱	0.112 μmol/L	抑制PEDV增殖	[23]
甘草酸	甘草	三萜类皂苷		阻碍病毒侵入和复制；减轻病毒感染引起的细胞炎症反应	[24-25]
七叶皂苷	七叶树种子	皂苷类		抑制PEDV的复制	[26]
欧当归内酯A	川芎	苯酞类		调控ROS介导的内质网应激反应；抑制PEDV对细胞的吸附或侵入	[27]
Oleanane triterpene 6，9，11，13	山茶花	五环三萜类	0.28-0.93 μmol/L	抑制PEDV蛋白的合成	[28]
Coumarin compound 5	防风	香豆素类	（4.85±0.43）μmol/L	抑制PEDV核衣壳蛋白和棘突蛋白的合成	[29]
Phenolic compound 15，16	柠檬清风藤	酚类	7.5-8.0 μmol/L	抑制PEDV的复制	[30]
芦荟提取物	芦荟			直接杀灭病毒粒子；抑制PEDV复制	[31]
淫羊藿水浸提物	淫羊藿			增强机体免疫反应；抑制PEDV增殖	[32]
金银花水浸提物	金银花			抑制PEDV增殖；调节机体免疫反应	[32]
辣木叶水浸提物	辣木			抑制PEDV诱导的细胞凋亡；降低PEDV诱导的炎症反应	[34]
闭脉斑果藤乙醇浸提物	闭脉斑果藤		0.15 μg/mL	抑制PEDV增殖	[35]
Griffithsin	海洋红藻	蛋白		阻碍PEDV的附着；干扰PEDV在细胞间的传播	[44]
Phlorotannin compound 4，5	褐藻苷苔	多酚类	12.2-14.6 μmol/L	抑制PEDV RNA和蛋白的合成；通过血凝抑制反应阻碍病毒的侵入	[45]
Surfactin	枯草芽孢杆菌	脂肽		直接插入到PEDV囊膜中，阻碍病毒囊膜与宿主细胞膜融合	[47]
Xiamycin D	链霉菌	吲哚倍半萜	0.93 μmol/L	抑制PEDV结构蛋白的表达	[48]
盐霉素	白色链霉菌	羧酸聚醚类		调控ERK1/2和p38MAPK通路发挥抗病毒反应	[49]
麦角甾醇过氧化物	真菌、地衣、海绵	甾醇		直接杀灭病毒粒子；通过抑制p53蛋白的激活和ROS生成降低PEDV感染诱导的细胞凋亡反应	[50]
月桂酸甘油酯	母乳	脂肪酸		调控机体免疫应答并维持体内稳态发挥抗PEDV功能	[12]
褪黑素	动物松果腺	吲哚类		抑制PEDV的侵入和复制	[51]
壳聚糖	甲壳类动物	多糖		直接杀灭病毒粒子	[52]

化合物/成分 Compound/Component	来源 Source	分类 Classification	EC₅₀/IC₅₀	作用机制 Mechanism of action	参考文献 Reference
银杏多糖	银杏外果皮	植物多糖	（1.7±1.3）g/mL	阻碍PEDV对细胞的吸附和侵入	[6]
马齿苋多糖	马齿苋	植物多糖		阻碍PEDV对细胞的吸附并能抑制病毒感染引起的炎症细胞因子分泌	[7]
黄芪多糖	发酵黄芪	植物多糖		抑制PEDV的复制；增强机体免疫反应	[8]
PCP1.1，1.2，2.1和2.2	广藿香	植物多糖		抑制PEDV增殖；阻断病毒侵入细胞	[9]
AOFP3	益智仁	植物多糖		增强宿主细胞抗氧化活性，降低PEDV感染诱导的ROS	[10]
槲皮素	中草药	黄酮类	2.12-2.56 μmol/L	与PEDV 3CLpro结合并抑制蛋白酶活性	[13]
槲皮素-7-鼠李糖苷	中草药	黄酮类	0.014 μg/mL	影响PEDV感染的初始阶段	[14-15]
黄腐酚	啤酒花	类黄酮	3.865 μmol/L	降低PEDV感染诱导的ROS	[16-17]
表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯	茶叶	多酚	12.39 μmol/L	阻碍PEDV的附着、入侵、复制和组装	[19-20]
金丝桃素	贯叶连翘	二蒽酮	（3.53±0.33）μmol/L	与PEDV 3CLpro结合并抑制蛋白酶的活性	[21]
黄连素	黄连、黄柏	生物碱		抑制PEDV的复制和组装，减弱病毒诱导的细胞凋亡反应	[22]
番茄碱	番茄	生物碱	3.447 μmol/L	与PEDV 3CLpro结合并抑制蛋白酶的活性	[18]
高三尖杉酯碱	三尖杉属植物	生物碱	0.112 μmol/L	抑制PEDV增殖	[23]
甘草酸	甘草	三萜类皂苷		阻碍病毒侵入和复制；减轻病毒感染引起的细胞炎症反应	[24-25]
七叶皂苷	七叶树种子	皂苷类		抑制PEDV的复制	[26]
欧当归内酯A	川芎	苯酞类		调控ROS介导的内质网应激反应；抑制PEDV对细胞的吸附或侵入	[27]
Oleanane triterpene 6，9，11，13	山茶花	五环三萜类	0.28-0.93 μmol/L	抑制PEDV蛋白的合成	[28]
Coumarin compound 5	防风	香豆素类	（4.85±0.43）μmol/L	抑制PEDV核衣壳蛋白和棘突蛋白的合成	[29]
Phenolic compound 15，16	柠檬清风藤	酚类	7.5-8.0 μmol/L	抑制PEDV的复制	[30]
芦荟提取物	芦荟			直接杀灭病毒粒子；抑制PEDV复制	[31]
淫羊藿水浸提物	淫羊藿			增强机体免疫反应；抑制PEDV增殖	[32]
金银花水浸提物	金银花			抑制PEDV增殖；调节机体免疫反应	[32]
辣木叶水浸提物	辣木			抑制PEDV诱导的细胞凋亡；降低PEDV诱导的炎症反应	[34]
闭脉斑果藤乙醇浸提物	闭脉斑果藤		0.15 μg/mL	抑制PEDV增殖	[35]
Griffithsin	海洋红藻	蛋白		阻碍PEDV的附着；干扰PEDV在细胞间的传播	[44]
Phlorotannin compound 4，5	褐藻苷苔	多酚类	12.2-14.6 μmol/L	抑制PEDV RNA和蛋白的合成；通过血凝抑制反应阻碍病毒的侵入	[45]
Surfactin	枯草芽孢杆菌	脂肽		直接插入到PEDV囊膜中，阻碍病毒囊膜与宿主细胞膜融合	[47]
Xiamycin D	链霉菌	吲哚倍半萜	0.93 μmol/L	抑制PEDV结构蛋白的表达	[48]
盐霉素	白色链霉菌	羧酸聚醚类		调控ERK1/2和p38MAPK通路发挥抗病毒反应	[49]
麦角甾醇过氧化物	真菌、地衣、海绵	甾醇		直接杀灭病毒粒子；通过抑制p53蛋白的激活和ROS生成降低PEDV感染诱导的细胞凋亡反应	[50]
月桂酸甘油酯	母乳	脂肪酸		调控机体免疫应答并维持体内稳态发挥抗PEDV功能	[12]
褪黑素	动物松果腺	吲哚类		抑制PEDV的侵入和复制	[51]
壳聚糖	甲壳类动物	多糖		直接杀灭病毒粒子	[52]