Biotechnology Bulletin ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 12-23.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-0516
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WANG Yu-qing1(), MA Zi-qi1, HOU Jia-xin1, ZONG Yu-qi1, HAO Han-rui1, LIU Guo-yuan1,2, WEI Hui1,2, LIAN Bo-lin1,2, CHEN Yan-hong1,2, ZHANG Jian1,2()
Received:
2023-05-30
Online:
2024-01-26
Published:
2024-02-06
Contact:
ZHANG Jian
E-mail:wang_yuqing99@163.com;yjnkyy@ntu.edu.cn
WANG Yu-qing, MA Zi-qi, HOU Jia-xin, ZONG Yu-qi, HAO Han-rui, LIU Guo-yuan, WEI Hui, LIAN Bo-lin, CHEN Yan-hong, ZHANG Jian. Research Progress in the Composition Analysis and Ecological Function of Plant Root Exudates Under Salt Stress[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(1): 12-23.
分类方式 Classification method | 种类 Type | 物质类别 Category of substances | 成分 Component | 主要功能 Main function |
---|---|---|---|---|
有机物 Organic matter | 低分子有机物 Low molecular weight organics | 糖类[ Sugars | 果糖、麦芽糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖等 | 提供营养来源 |
有机酸[ Organic acids | 柠檬酸、酒石酸、草酸、丁二酸、苹果酸等 | 提供营养来源;螯合难溶性矿物质;诱导微生物的化学信号 | ||
氨基酸[ Amino acids | 苏氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸等 | 提供营养来源;螯合难溶性矿物质;诱导微生物的化学信号 | ||
酚酸类[ Phenolic acids | 肉桂酸、阿魏酸、原儿茶酸、水杨酸等 | 化感作用的主要影响因子 | ||
高分子黏胶物 Polymer viscose | 各种酶类[ Various enzymes | 淀粉酶、脂肪酶、酸/碱性磷酸酶等 | 促进有机物转化;促进有机分子释放磷;缓解植物毒害 | |
黏胶物质[ Viscose substances | 多聚半乳糖醛酸、甘草素、木犀草素等 | 提供营养来源;缓解植物毒害 | ||
无机物Inorganic matter | 质子与无机离子[ Protons and inorganic ions | H+、K+、Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+等 | 调节土壤pH及氧化还原电位 |
Table 1 Classification and composition of root exudates
分类方式 Classification method | 种类 Type | 物质类别 Category of substances | 成分 Component | 主要功能 Main function |
---|---|---|---|---|
有机物 Organic matter | 低分子有机物 Low molecular weight organics | 糖类[ Sugars | 果糖、麦芽糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖等 | 提供营养来源 |
有机酸[ Organic acids | 柠檬酸、酒石酸、草酸、丁二酸、苹果酸等 | 提供营养来源;螯合难溶性矿物质;诱导微生物的化学信号 | ||
氨基酸[ Amino acids | 苏氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸等 | 提供营养来源;螯合难溶性矿物质;诱导微生物的化学信号 | ||
酚酸类[ Phenolic acids | 肉桂酸、阿魏酸、原儿茶酸、水杨酸等 | 化感作用的主要影响因子 | ||
高分子黏胶物 Polymer viscose | 各种酶类[ Various enzymes | 淀粉酶、脂肪酶、酸/碱性磷酸酶等 | 促进有机物转化;促进有机分子释放磷;缓解植物毒害 | |
黏胶物质[ Viscose substances | 多聚半乳糖醛酸、甘草素、木犀草素等 | 提供营养来源;缓解植物毒害 | ||
无机物Inorganic matter | 质子与无机离子[ Protons and inorganic ions | H+、K+、Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+等 | 调节土壤pH及氧化还原电位 |
技术 Technology | 优点 Advantages | 缺点 Disadvantages | 检测组分 Detected components |
---|---|---|---|
气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)[ | 进样量小、灵敏度高、分辨率高,能检测到样本中相对含量较低的代谢物 | 一些极性代谢物需提前进行衍生化处理,能鉴定到的代谢物比LC-MS要少 | 以热稳定性好的挥发物质和极性小的小分子化合物为主,如烷烃、酯类、有机酸、氨基酸等 |
液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)[ | 高效快速、灵敏度高、样品只需进行简单预处理或衍生化 | 不同设备的数据库无法通用 | 适用于含量少、不易分离获得或在分离过程中易失活的组分分析,极性或热稳定性差、不易挥发的大分子物质,如蛋白质、多肽、多聚物等 |
核磁共振(NMR)[ | 高效快速、未知化合物损失少、样品制备时间短 | 灵敏度比MS要低很多 | 适用于复杂基质样本的检测和化合物结构的分析 |
高效液相色谱(HPLC)[ | 可连续进样、灵敏度高、分离效率高、操作方便 | 分析成本高,分析时间长 | 大多是沸点高、热稳定性差、相对分子质量大于400以上的有机物 |
Table 2 Common detection methods for root exudate components
技术 Technology | 优点 Advantages | 缺点 Disadvantages | 检测组分 Detected components |
---|---|---|---|
气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)[ | 进样量小、灵敏度高、分辨率高,能检测到样本中相对含量较低的代谢物 | 一些极性代谢物需提前进行衍生化处理,能鉴定到的代谢物比LC-MS要少 | 以热稳定性好的挥发物质和极性小的小分子化合物为主,如烷烃、酯类、有机酸、氨基酸等 |
液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)[ | 高效快速、灵敏度高、样品只需进行简单预处理或衍生化 | 不同设备的数据库无法通用 | 适用于含量少、不易分离获得或在分离过程中易失活的组分分析,极性或热稳定性差、不易挥发的大分子物质,如蛋白质、多肽、多聚物等 |
核磁共振(NMR)[ | 高效快速、未知化合物损失少、样品制备时间短 | 灵敏度比MS要低很多 | 适用于复杂基质样本的检测和化合物结构的分析 |
高效液相色谱(HPLC)[ | 可连续进样、灵敏度高、分离效率高、操作方便 | 分析成本高,分析时间长 | 大多是沸点高、热稳定性差、相对分子质量大于400以上的有机物 |
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