Research Progress in Plant Gibberellin Oxidase and Its Functions

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-1177

Abstract

Abstract:

Gibberellin（GA）is an important plant hormone that regulates plant development and its response to environmental signals, the biosynthesis and metabolism of GA are involved in a variety of enzymes, and gibberellin oxidase plays a key role in regulating the biosynthesis of gibberellin. Gibberellin oxidase is the key enzyme in gibberellin biosynthesis and catabolism and plays a complex regulatory role in the gibberellin biosynthetic pathway in plants. GA20ox（gibberellin 20 oxidase）, GA3ox（gibberellin 3 oxidase）and GA2ox（gibberellin 2 oxidase）are the gibberellin oxidase gene family. GA20ox and GA3ox are rate-limiting enzymes in gibberellin biosynthesis, while GA2ox is the key enzyme in gibberellin catabolism. And they regulate GA biosynthesis pathway in plants and ensure the plant's demand for GA during growth and development and interaction with the environment. Gibberellin oxidase is involved in regulating plant growth and development, and it is strictly regulated by environment and endogenous factors. Gibberellin oxidase has been cloned in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa; and poplar species, and its function varies among species. Therefore, this review focuses on the functions of GA20ox, GA3ox and GA2ox, describes the characteristics, spatial and temporal expression of plant gibberellin oxidase and the response of gibberellin oxidase to light and hormones, with special emphasis on the function of gibberellin oxidase and its research progress, aiming to provide information for further studies on gibberellin oxidase gene function.

Key words: gibberellin oxidase, gene function, growth and development, abiotic stresses, spatio-temporal expression

WU Ding-jie, CHEN Ying-ying, XU Jing, LIU Yuan, ZHANG Hang, LI Rui-li. Research Progress in Plant Gibberellin Oxidase and Its Functions[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(7): 43-54.

Figures/Tables 3

References 88

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编码蛋白 Encoded protein	物种 Species	基因 Gene	表型 Phenotype	参考文献 Reference
GA20ox	梨	GA20ox2	番茄过表达株系：株高增加；延迟落果；诱导单性结实	[23]
	赤松	GA20ox1	杂交白杨过表达株系：株高增加；木质部分化以及胶状纤维发育增强；根系生长不良、侧根数量减少；叶面积减小	[1,58]
	水稻	GA20ox2	水稻突变体：植株矮化；维管束发育异常、细胞变小	[55]
	玉米	GA20ox3	玉米突变体植株矮化；茎直径减小；节间缩短；薄壁组织细胞数量减少	[62]
	黄瓜	GA20ox1	黄瓜过表达株系：果刺变短	[26]
	甘蔗	GA20ox1	甘蔗过表达株系：株高增高；节间长度增长	[64]
	油茶	GA20ox1	拟南芥过表达株系：株高增加；次生细胞壁沉积增加；叶片增大；开花提前；叶绿素和花青素积累减少；种子增大	[71]
	拟南芥	GA20ox1	拟南芥过表达株系：株高增加；叶片数量减少；叶片面积增加	[53]
	拟南芥	GA20ox1/2/3	拟南芥三重突变株系：雌性/雄性不育；花药发育停滞；绒毡层退化失败	[10]
	甜樱桃	GA20ox2	拟南芥过表达株系：株高增加；开花提前；促进种子萌发	[78]
	巨桉×尾叶桉	GA20ox1 GA20ox2	巨桉×尾叶桉过表达株系：加快毛根的起始和伸长；促进根部木质部的分化	[22]
GA3ox	豌豆	GA3ox1	豌豆过表达株系：植株节间、卷须和果实较长；托叶较大；开花延迟，顶端分生组织寿命延长；维管组织发育变化，木质部导管直径增加	[25]
	南瓜	GA3ox	南瓜突变体：节间缩短；细胞大小减小	[68]
	西瓜	GA3ox	西瓜GA3ox过表达株系：细胞伸长缺陷	[60]
	水稻	GA3ox1	水稻突变体：OsGA3ox1突变体花粉育性显著下降；OsGA3ox2突变株高显著降低	[54]
	水稻	GA3ox2	水稻突变体：OsGA3ox2突变株高显著降低	[54]
	马铃薯	GA3ox2	马铃薯RNAi株系：株高降低；节间缩短；块茎重量减小	[63]
	陆地棉	GA3ox4	陆地棉过表达株系：株高增加	[27]
GA2ox	梨	GA2ox8	烟草过表达株系：植株矮化；节间缩短；叶片长度和宽度减小	[72]
	柿子	GA2ox	柿子过表达株系：节间缩短	[65]
	杉木	GA2ox12	杉木过表达株系：植株矮化；木质素含量降低；木质部导管分化延迟	[77]
	拟南芥	GA2ox7 GA2ox8	拟南芥过表达株系：花序数量增多；节间缩短；负调控下胚轴伸长	[17,79]
		GA2ox9	拟南芥突变体：寒冷环境下，生物活性GA4水平增加，突变体存活率降低，有助于获得性冷应激耐受性	[16]
		GA2ox10	拟南芥突变体：种子产量增加	[16]
	小桐子	GA2ox6	小桐子花特异性过表达株系：叶片加深；叶面积变小；单株总花序数目增多；花序变小；雌花和雄花变小；雌雄花数目减少；单个花序中的雌花比例降低	[80]
	柳枝稷	GA2ox5/9	柳枝稷过表达株系：植株矮化；叶子呈深绿色；节间变短；分蘖增多；开花延迟	[66]
	草地早熟禾	GA2ox	拟南芥过表达株系：植株矮化；角果变小；莲座叶数量增加叶色加深；开花延迟；抗旱性提高	[28]
	薄壳山核桃	GA2ox1	薄壳山核桃过表达株系：植株矮化；节间缩短；叶片长宽比降低；叶色加深	[69]
	巨桉×尾叶桉	GA2ox1	巨桉×尾叶桉过表达株系：抗逆性增加；叶片最大电子传输比增加；叶绿素和花青素含量增加	[22]

编码蛋白 Encoded protein	物种 Species	基因 Gene	表型 Phenotype	参考文献 Reference
GA20ox	梨	GA20ox2	番茄过表达株系：株高增加；延迟落果；诱导单性结实	[23]
	赤松	GA20ox1	杂交白杨过表达株系：株高增加；木质部分化以及胶状纤维发育增强；根系生长不良、侧根数量减少；叶面积减小	[1,58]
	水稻	GA20ox2	水稻突变体：植株矮化；维管束发育异常、细胞变小	[55]
	玉米	GA20ox3	玉米突变体植株矮化；茎直径减小；节间缩短；薄壁组织细胞数量减少	[62]
	黄瓜	GA20ox1	黄瓜过表达株系：果刺变短	[26]
	甘蔗	GA20ox1	甘蔗过表达株系：株高增高；节间长度增长	[64]
	油茶	GA20ox1	拟南芥过表达株系：株高增加；次生细胞壁沉积增加；叶片增大；开花提前；叶绿素和花青素积累减少；种子增大	[71]
	拟南芥	GA20ox1	拟南芥过表达株系：株高增加；叶片数量减少；叶片面积增加	[53]
	拟南芥	GA20ox1/2/3	拟南芥三重突变株系：雌性/雄性不育；花药发育停滞；绒毡层退化失败	[10]
	甜樱桃	GA20ox2	拟南芥过表达株系：株高增加；开花提前；促进种子萌发	[78]
	巨桉×尾叶桉	GA20ox1 GA20ox2	巨桉×尾叶桉过表达株系：加快毛根的起始和伸长；促进根部木质部的分化	[22]
GA3ox	豌豆	GA3ox1	豌豆过表达株系：植株节间、卷须和果实较长；托叶较大；开花延迟，顶端分生组织寿命延长；维管组织发育变化，木质部导管直径增加	[25]
	南瓜	GA3ox	南瓜突变体：节间缩短；细胞大小减小	[68]
	西瓜	GA3ox	西瓜GA3ox过表达株系：细胞伸长缺陷	[60]
	水稻	GA3ox1	水稻突变体：OsGA3ox1突变体花粉育性显著下降；OsGA3ox2突变株高显著降低	[54]
	水稻	GA3ox2	水稻突变体：OsGA3ox2突变株高显著降低	[54]
	马铃薯	GA3ox2	马铃薯RNAi株系：株高降低；节间缩短；块茎重量减小	[63]
	陆地棉	GA3ox4	陆地棉过表达株系：株高增加	[27]
GA2ox	梨	GA2ox8	烟草过表达株系：植株矮化；节间缩短；叶片长度和宽度减小	[72]
	柿子	GA2ox	柿子过表达株系：节间缩短	[65]
	杉木	GA2ox12	杉木过表达株系：植株矮化；木质素含量降低；木质部导管分化延迟	[77]
	拟南芥	GA2ox7 GA2ox8	拟南芥过表达株系：花序数量增多；节间缩短；负调控下胚轴伸长	[17,79]
		GA2ox9	拟南芥突变体：寒冷环境下，生物活性GA4水平增加，突变体存活率降低，有助于获得性冷应激耐受性	[16]
		GA2ox10	拟南芥突变体：种子产量增加	[16]
	小桐子	GA2ox6	小桐子花特异性过表达株系：叶片加深；叶面积变小；单株总花序数目增多；花序变小；雌花和雄花变小；雌雄花数目减少；单个花序中的雌花比例降低	[80]
	柳枝稷	GA2ox5/9	柳枝稷过表达株系：植株矮化；叶子呈深绿色；节间变短；分蘖增多；开花延迟	[66]
	草地早熟禾	GA2ox	拟南芥过表达株系：植株矮化；角果变小；莲座叶数量增加叶色加深；开花延迟；抗旱性提高	[28]
	薄壳山核桃	GA2ox1	薄壳山核桃过表达株系：植株矮化；节间缩短；叶片长宽比降低；叶色加深	[69]
	巨桉×尾叶桉	GA2ox1	巨桉×尾叶桉过表达株系：抗逆性增加；叶片最大电子传输比增加；叶绿素和花青素含量增加	[22]