Research Progress in the Biological Metabolic Pathway and Functions of Plant Carotenoids

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-1057

Abstract

Abstract:

Carotenoids are a group of lipophilic isoprenoid metabolites, which are widely distributed in animals, plants, and microorganisms. It is demonstrated that α-carotene, β-carotene and lutein are the main components of carotenoids. In addition to influencing the ornamental quality of plants as natural pigments, carotenoids play a crucial function in photosynthesis. Moreover, they are also critically important for humans as precursors of vitamin A synthesis. The carotenoid metabolic pathway, including the precursor synthesis pathway, the biosynthesis and degradation pathway, is well established and has been widely explored in plants. With the intensive studies of carotenoid metabolism, the key genes and their functions have been identified, facilitating a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying plant carotenoid metabolism. This review focuses on the carotenoid metabolic pathway, with emphasis on recent progresses in biological functions of carotenoids, particularly in photoprotection, the agricultural and horticultural application, the resistance to abiotic stresses, and the regulation of plant hormone signaling. This review will offer a valuable information for the elucidation of carotenoids metabolism and facilitating selective molecular breeding.

Key words: carotenoids, biological metabolic pathway, gene function, abiotic stress, regulatory mechanisms

LIU Yuan, ZHAO Ran, LU Zhen-fang, LI Rui-li. Research Progress in the Biological Metabolic Pathway and Functions of Plant Carotenoids[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(5): 23-31.

Figures/Tables 2

References 71

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基因 Gene	物种 Scientific name	功能 Function	调控因子 Regulation factor	参考文献 Reference
DXR	柑橘 Citrus spp.	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受HB5-ZIP44正调控；受ABA水平影响	［58］
GGPPS	烟草 Nicotiana tabacum	提升光合效率		［8］
	柑橘 Citrus spp.	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受HB5-ZIP44正调控；受ABA水平影响	［58］
PSY	拟南芥 Arabidopsis thaliana	抵抗光照损伤；提升耐热性；延迟种子萌发	受OR蛋白家族翻译后修饰；受ABA调控	［22， 57］
	烟草 Nicotiana tabacum	提升类胡萝卜素含量；抵抗干旱胁迫	受FBN蛋白翻译后修饰；受DREB-1BL1正调控	［2， 52］
	番茄 Solanum lycopersicum	调控花色变化；调控果实颜色		［29， 35］
	辣椒 Capsicum annuum	增加辣椒素水平；促进辣椒成熟；调控果实颜色	受DIVARICATA1正调控；受ABA调控	［43］
	葡萄 Vitis vinifera	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受PIF负调控	［30］
	棉花 Gossypium hirsutum	调控叶片颜色变化		［5］
	油菜 Brassica oleracea	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受BZR1.1正调控	［60］
	鸢尾 Iris germanica	调控花色变化		［18］
	兰花 Oncidium Gower Ramsey	调控花色变化		［34， 62］
	猕猴桃 Actinidia deliciosa	抵抗盐胁迫	受DcAL4/7正调控	［51］
	禾本科植物 Poaceae	提升类胡萝卜素含量；抵抗盐胁迫；抵抗干旱胁迫	受ABA调控	［50］
PDS	番茄 Solanum lycopersicum	调控果实颜色		［36］
	柑橘 Citrus spp.	调控果实颜色	受TT8正调控	［45］
LCYE	芹菜 Apium graveolens	抵抗盐胁迫		［15］
LCYB	烟草 Nicotiana tabacum	抵抗非生物胁迫		［53］
	山茶 Camellia sinensis	调控香气变化		［48］
	番薯 Ipomoea batatas	抵抗盐胁迫；抵抗干旱胁迫；抵抗氧化胁迫		［54］
BCH	柑橘 Citrus spp.	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受HB5-ZIP44正调控；受ABA水平影响	［58］
CCD	番茄 Solanum lycopersicum	调控果实颜色		［38-39］
	百日草 Zinnia elegans	调控花色变化		［33］
	水稻 Oryza sativa	调控水稻分檗		［40］
	藏红花 Crocus sativus	调控香气变化		［47］
	枸杞 Lycium barbarum	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受ERF调控	［61］

基因 Gene	物种 Scientific name	功能 Function	调控因子 Regulation factor	参考文献 Reference
DXR	柑橘 Citrus spp.	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受HB5-ZIP44正调控；受ABA水平影响	［58］
GGPPS	烟草 Nicotiana tabacum	提升光合效率		［8］
	柑橘 Citrus spp.	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受HB5-ZIP44正调控；受ABA水平影响	［58］
PSY	拟南芥 Arabidopsis thaliana	抵抗光照损伤；提升耐热性；延迟种子萌发	受OR蛋白家族翻译后修饰；受ABA调控	［22， 57］
	烟草 Nicotiana tabacum	提升类胡萝卜素含量；抵抗干旱胁迫	受FBN蛋白翻译后修饰；受DREB-1BL1正调控	［2， 52］
	番茄 Solanum lycopersicum	调控花色变化；调控果实颜色		［29， 35］
	辣椒 Capsicum annuum	增加辣椒素水平；促进辣椒成熟；调控果实颜色	受DIVARICATA1正调控；受ABA调控	［43］
	葡萄 Vitis vinifera	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受PIF负调控	［30］
	棉花 Gossypium hirsutum	调控叶片颜色变化		［5］
	油菜 Brassica oleracea	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受BZR1.1正调控	［60］
	鸢尾 Iris germanica	调控花色变化		［18］
	兰花 Oncidium Gower Ramsey	调控花色变化		［34， 62］
	猕猴桃 Actinidia deliciosa	抵抗盐胁迫	受DcAL4/7正调控	［51］
	禾本科植物 Poaceae	提升类胡萝卜素含量；抵抗盐胁迫；抵抗干旱胁迫	受ABA调控	［50］
PDS	番茄 Solanum lycopersicum	调控果实颜色		［36］
	柑橘 Citrus spp.	调控果实颜色	受TT8正调控	［45］
LCYE	芹菜 Apium graveolens	抵抗盐胁迫		［15］
LCYB	烟草 Nicotiana tabacum	抵抗非生物胁迫		［53］
	山茶 Camellia sinensis	调控香气变化		［48］
	番薯 Ipomoea batatas	抵抗盐胁迫；抵抗干旱胁迫；抵抗氧化胁迫		［54］
BCH	柑橘 Citrus spp.	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受HB5-ZIP44正调控；受ABA水平影响	［58］
CCD	番茄 Solanum lycopersicum	调控果实颜色		［38-39］
	百日草 Zinnia elegans	调控花色变化		［33］
	水稻 Oryza sativa	调控水稻分檗		［40］
	藏红花 Crocus sativus	调控香气变化		［47］
	枸杞 Lycium barbarum	提升类胡萝卜素含量	受ERF调控	［61］

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