益生菌菌粉贮存活性影响因素研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0954

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、球菌3种类型的益生菌粉的贮存活性影响因素进行研究，为其菌粉的质量指标控制及应用提供指导。以嗜酸乳杆菌LA85、植物乳杆菌Lp90、鼠李糖乳杆菌LRa05、干酪乳杆菌LC89、乳双歧杆菌BLa80、长双歧杆菌BL21、短双歧杆菌BBr60、婴儿双歧杆菌BI45、嗜热链球菌ST81、乳酸片球菌PA53、戊糖片球菌PP06、乳酸乳球菌LLa61为研究对象，以菌体的存活率、蛋白酶活性为指标，考察益生菌菌粉质量指标（水分、水分活度）、贮存温度及封装方式对其贮存过程中菌体的存活率及蛋白酶活性的影响。菌粉的水分、水分活度在一定范围内对其储存的存活率及蛋白酶活力无显著影响（P<0.05），超过一定范围，随着水分、水分活度的提升，其菌粉的储存存活率、蛋白酶活力显著下降（P<0.05）；不同的贮存温度（-18℃、4℃、25℃）对菌粉的贮存存活率、蛋白酶活性有显著性影响（P<0.05）；真空封装方式菌体的存活率优于普通封装（P<0.05）。确定了乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、球菌菌粉的最佳水分、水分活度的质量控制指标、贮存温度及封装方式，保证益生菌菌粉储存过程中的存活率，为益生菌厂家的菌粉质量控制标准的制定及其应用提供指导。

关键词: 水分, 水分活度, 双歧杆菌, 乳杆菌, 稳定性

Abstract:

This work is aimed to study the factors affecting the storage activities of three types of probiotic powder, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Coccus, so as to provide guidance for the quality index control and application of probiotics powder. Lactobacillus acidophilus LA85, Lactobacillus plantarum Lp90, Lactobacillus rhamnosusLRa05, Lactobacillus casei LC89, Bifidobacterium lactis BLa80, Bifidobacterium longum BL21, Bifidobacterium breve BBr60, Bifidobacterium infantis BI45, Streptococcus thermophilus ST81, Pediococcus lactis PA53, Pediococcus pentosaceus PP06, Lactococcus lactis LLa61 were used as the research objects, and the survival rates of bacteria and protease activities were used as indicators to investigate the quality indicators of probiotic bacteria powder（moisture and water activity）, storage temperature and encapsulation method on the cell survival rate and protease activity during storage. The moisture and water activity of the bacteria powder presented no significant effect on the storage survival rate and protease activity within a certain range（P<0.05）. The storage survival rate and protease activity decreased significantly（P<0.05）with the increasing of moisture and water activity while beyond a certain range. Different storage temperatures（-18℃, 4℃, and 25℃）had significant effects on the storage survival rate and protease activity of bacterial powder（P<0.05）. The survival rate of bacteria in vacuum encapsulation was better than that in ordinary encapsulation（P<0.05）. The optimal moisture content of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Coccus powders, the quality control index of water activity, storage temperature and encapsulation method are determined to ensure the survival rate of probiotic powder during storage, and to provide guidance for the formulation and application of quality control standards for probiotic powder manufacturers.

Key words: moisture, water activity, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, stability

严涛, 陈珂可, 杨恒飞, 朱建国, 夏九学, 方曙光. 益生菌菌粉贮存活性影响因素研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(4): 296-303.

YAN Tao, CHEN Ke-ke, YANG Heng-fei, ZHU Jian-guo, XIA Jiu-xue, FANG Shu-guang. Study on Factors Affecting the Storage Survival Rates of Probiotic Bacteria Powder[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(4): 296-303.

图/表 9

参考文献 21

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菌株Strain		批次1 Batch 1		批次2 Batch 2		批次3 Batch 3		批次4 Batch 4		批次5 Batch 5
菌株Strain		水分Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）	水分Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）	水分Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）	水分Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）	水分 Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）
乳杆菌类Lactobacillus	LA85	2.70±0.21	0.061±0.004	3.57±0.22	0.093±0.005	5.18±0.23	0.123±0.006	5.68±0.25	0.228±0.007	6.78±0.26	0.292±0.008
	Lp90	2.97±0.11	0.059±0.001	3.60±0.12	0.078±0.002	5.20±0.13	0.128±0.003	5.80±0.14	0.152±0.004	6.61±0.15	0.180±0.005
	LRa05	2.78±0.09	0.064±0.003	3.86±0.11	0.099±0.004	5.58±0.13	0.131±0.005	6.78±0.15	0.151±0.006	7.04±0.16	0.251±0.007
	LC89	3.08±0.10	0.060±0.004	3.44±0.12	0.068±0.005	5.16±0.13	0.126±0.006	5.51±0.15	0.154±0.007	6.56±0.17	0.175±0.008
双歧杆菌类Bifidobacterium	BLa80	3.26±0.13	0.057±0.012	4.86±0.15	0.079±0.013	5.00±0.16	0.120±0.014	5.58±0.17	0.140±0.015	6.27±0.18	0.160±0.016
	BL21	3.08±0.11	0.064±0.008	4.65±0.12	0.089±0.009	5.01±0.13	0.121±0.010	5.58±0.14	0.138±0.011	6.86±0.15	0.148±0.012
	BBr60	3.04±0.16	0.067±0.017	4.31±0.18	0.091±0.018	5.08±0.19	0.125±0.019	5.59±0.20	0.130±0.020	6.79±0.22	0.145±0.022
	BI45	3.12±0.17	0.070±0.003	4.31±0.19	0.098±0.005	5.07±0.20	0.128±0.005	5.55±0.21	0.131±0.006	6.89±0.25	0.149±0.007
球菌类Cocci	ST81	2.52±0.08	0.051±0.004	3.07±0.09	0.085±0.005	5.15±0.10	0.127±0.006	5.55±0.11	0.134±0.007	6.48±0.13	0.143±0.008
	PA53	2.90±0.09	0.058±0.011	3.65±0.10	0.088±0.012	5.18±0.11	0.127±0.013	5.56±0.12	0.138±0.014	6.79±0.14	0.141±0.015
	PP06	2.95±0.18	0.070±0.002	3.78±0.19	0.090±0.003	5.38±0.20	0.128±0.004	5.66±0.21	0.130±0.005	6.81±0.23	0.136±0.006
	LLa61	2.62±0.16	0.063±0.003	3.08±0.18	0.089±0.004	5.20±0.19	0.129±0.005	5.79±0.21	0.134±0.006	6.30±0.23	0.139±0.007

菌株Strain		批次1 Batch 1		批次2 Batch 2		批次3 Batch 3		批次4 Batch 4		批次5 Batch 5
菌株Strain		水分Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）	水分Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）	水分Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）	水分Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）	水分 Moisture/%	水分活度Water activity（Aw）
乳杆菌类Lactobacillus	LA85	2.70±0.21	0.061±0.004	3.57±0.22	0.093±0.005	5.18±0.23	0.123±0.006	5.68±0.25	0.228±0.007	6.78±0.26	0.292±0.008
	Lp90	2.97±0.11	0.059±0.001	3.60±0.12	0.078±0.002	5.20±0.13	0.128±0.003	5.80±0.14	0.152±0.004	6.61±0.15	0.180±0.005
	LRa05	2.78±0.09	0.064±0.003	3.86±0.11	0.099±0.004	5.58±0.13	0.131±0.005	6.78±0.15	0.151±0.006	7.04±0.16	0.251±0.007
	LC89	3.08±0.10	0.060±0.004	3.44±0.12	0.068±0.005	5.16±0.13	0.126±0.006	5.51±0.15	0.154±0.007	6.56±0.17	0.175±0.008
双歧杆菌类Bifidobacterium	BLa80	3.26±0.13	0.057±0.012	4.86±0.15	0.079±0.013	5.00±0.16	0.120±0.014	5.58±0.17	0.140±0.015	6.27±0.18	0.160±0.016
	BL21	3.08±0.11	0.064±0.008	4.65±0.12	0.089±0.009	5.01±0.13	0.121±0.010	5.58±0.14	0.138±0.011	6.86±0.15	0.148±0.012
	BBr60	3.04±0.16	0.067±0.017	4.31±0.18	0.091±0.018	5.08±0.19	0.125±0.019	5.59±0.20	0.130±0.020	6.79±0.22	0.145±0.022
	BI45	3.12±0.17	0.070±0.003	4.31±0.19	0.098±0.005	5.07±0.20	0.128±0.005	5.55±0.21	0.131±0.006	6.89±0.25	0.149±0.007
球菌类Cocci	ST81	2.52±0.08	0.051±0.004	3.07±0.09	0.085±0.005	5.15±0.10	0.127±0.006	5.55±0.11	0.134±0.007	6.48±0.13	0.143±0.008
	PA53	2.90±0.09	0.058±0.011	3.65±0.10	0.088±0.012	5.18±0.11	0.127±0.013	5.56±0.12	0.138±0.014	6.79±0.14	0.141±0.015
	PP06	2.95±0.18	0.070±0.002	3.78±0.19	0.090±0.003	5.38±0.20	0.128±0.004	5.66±0.21	0.130±0.005	6.81±0.23	0.136±0.006
	LLa61	2.62±0.16	0.063±0.003	3.08±0.18	0.089±0.004	5.20±0.19	0.129±0.005	5.79±0.21	0.134±0.006	6.30±0.23	0.139±0.007

分类Classification	菌株Strain	存活率Survival rate/%
分类Classification	菌株Strain	批次1 Batch 1	批次2 Batch 2	批次3 Batch 3	批次4 Batch 4	批次5 Batch 5
乳杆菌Lactobacillus	LA85	93.43±1.43	92.23±2.11	91.54±1.91	85.23±1.31*	80.43±1.67**
	Lp90	96.32±1.67	95.89±2.01	94.43±1.54	88.32±1.54*	83.32±1.34**
	LRa05	95.67±1.21	94.65±1.81	93.87±1.44	86.32±1.67*	81.43±2.34**
	LC89	92.54±1.67	92.34±1.56	91.67±1.89	83.44±1.32*	77.34±1.43**
双歧杆菌Bifidobacterium	BLa80	97.45±1.35	96.41±1.55	95.32±1.68	90.43±1.11*	84.32±1.11**
	BL21	96.65±1.22	95.12±1.67	95.31±1.44	90.32±1.56*	83.21±1.51**
	BBr60	95.44±1.57	94.11±1.35	93.32±1.68	88.32±1.56*	82.77±1.88**
	BI45	93.14±1.01	92.35±1.45	92.88±1.54	86.32±1.58*	80.55±1.22**
球菌 Cocci	ST81	92.55±1.65	91.78±1.23	91.11±1.63	85.34±1.51*	80.69±1.51**
	PA53	92.67±1.64	91.77±1.88	90.88±1.13	85.99±1.99*	80.01±1.67**
	PP06	92.33±1.54	92.11±1.33	91.76±2.13	86.11±1.78*	81.35±1.32**
	LLa61	88.18±1.48	87.44±1.54	86.89±1.56	80.23±1.65*	74.67±1.78**

分类Classification	菌株Strain	存活率Survival rate/%
分类Classification	菌株Strain	批次1 Batch 1	批次2 Batch 2	批次3 Batch 3	批次4 Batch 4	批次5 Batch 5
乳杆菌Lactobacillus	LA85	93.43±1.43	92.23±2.11	91.54±1.91	85.23±1.31*	80.43±1.67**
	Lp90	96.32±1.67	95.89±2.01	94.43±1.54	88.32±1.54*	83.32±1.34**
	LRa05	95.67±1.21	94.65±1.81	93.87±1.44	86.32±1.67*	81.43±2.34**
	LC89	92.54±1.67	92.34±1.56	91.67±1.89	83.44±1.32*	77.34±1.43**
双歧杆菌Bifidobacterium	BLa80	97.45±1.35	96.41±1.55	95.32±1.68	90.43±1.11*	84.32±1.11**
	BL21	96.65±1.22	95.12±1.67	95.31±1.44	90.32±1.56*	83.21±1.51**
	BBr60	95.44±1.57	94.11±1.35	93.32±1.68	88.32±1.56*	82.77±1.88**
	BI45	93.14±1.01	92.35±1.45	92.88±1.54	86.32±1.58*	80.55±1.22**
球菌 Cocci	ST81	92.55±1.65	91.78±1.23	91.11±1.63	85.34±1.51*	80.69±1.51**
	PA53	92.67±1.64	91.77±1.88	90.88±1.13	85.99±1.99*	80.01±1.67**
	PP06	92.33±1.54	92.11±1.33	91.76±2.13	86.11±1.78*	81.35±1.32**
	LLa61	88.18±1.48	87.44±1.54	86.89±1.56	80.23±1.65*	74.67±1.78**

分类Classification	菌株Strain	存活率Survival rate/%
分类Classification	菌株Strain	贮存-18℃Storage at -18℃	贮存4℃Storage at 4℃	贮存25℃Storage at 25℃
乳杆菌 Lactobacillus	LA85	92.23±2.11	79.34±1.91**	48.56±2.67**
	Lp90	95.12±1.81	84.34±1.22**	44.31±1.79**
	LRa05	93.33±1.22	83.23±1.87**	40.36±1.64**
	LC89	90.01±1.12	82.15±1.85**	43.43±1.57**
双歧杆菌 Bifidobacterium	BLa80	94.45±1.32	84.54±1.67**	49.33±1.67**
	BL21	92.65±1.32	78.24±1.86**	31.35±1.65**
	BBr60	92.67±1.33	82.34±1.66**	36.34±2.66**
	BI45	94.54±1.45	79.11±1.89**	26.24±1.76**
球菌 Cocci	ST81	90.45±1.55	72.11±2.89**	43.33±1.67**
	PA53	91.20±1.01	72.45±1.55**	33.34±1.66**
	PP06	90.03±1.06	78.13±1.97**	45.33±1.67**
	LLa61	86.78±1.22	71.43±1.57**	43.53±2.47**