转录组与蛋白质组整合分析在生物学研究中的应用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0929

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在一个有机生物体中,基因表达的主要环节包括转录和蛋白质合成,mRNA是基因表达的中间体,蛋白质是基因功能的执行体。要了解具体的基因表达调控过程,需要对mRNA和蛋白进行同步监测,通过比较蛋白质组学和转录组学的数据,在转录水平和蛋白水平上整合分析,将两者联系起来。理论上讲,从生长条件和状态相同的细胞、组织或器官获得的转录组与蛋白质组数据之间应该具有较高的相关性,然而大量文献报道了转录组和蛋白质组的表达趋势不相关甚至负相关的情况。综述了转录组和蛋白组测序技术的原理、特点,转录组和蛋白组整合分析的优势,以及其在动物、植物和微生物研究中的应用,同时分析造成基因转录水平和蛋白水平表达趋势不一致的原因,为分子生物学和多组学研究提供一定的参考。

关键词: mRNA, 蛋白质, 基因, 相关性分析

Abstract: The main steps of gene expression in an organism include transcription and protein synthesis,mRNA is an intermediate product of gene expression,and protein is the executive of gene function. For understanding the specific regulatory process of gene expression,the mRNA and protein should be synchronously monitored,then transcriptome and proteome data are compared,and thus both may be linked while an integrated analysis is conducted at the transcriptional and protein levels. In theory,the correlation between transcriptome and proteome data obtained from the same growth conditions and the cells,tissues or organs of the same state should be high;however,a lot of literature reported the irrelevant or negative correlations of expression trend between transcriptome and proteome data. Here we reviewed the principles and features of transcriptome and proteome sequencing and the advantages of transcriptome and proteome integrated analysis,as well as its applications in animal,plant and microbial. Meanwhile,we analyzed the reasons that might cause inconsistence of gene expression trends between transcriptional and protein levels,providing a reference for future study on molecular biology and multi-omics analysis.

Key words: mRNA, protein, gene, correlation analysis

蒋可人, 马峥, 郑航, 刘小军. 转录组与蛋白质组整合分析在生物学研究中的应用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(12): 50-55.

JIANG Ke-ren, MA Zheng, ZHENG Hang, LIU Xiao-Jun. Review on the Application of Integrated Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis in Biology[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(12): 50-55.

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