畜禽粪便堆肥过程中微生物群落演替

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0138

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了满足日常肉蛋奶的需求,畜禽养殖业快速发展,与此同时产生的大量畜禽粪便亟需处理。堆肥作为一种高效、无害化、资源化的处理方式,被广泛应用于畜禽粪便的处理。畜禽粪便堆肥是通过微生物活动,将不稳定的有机物质分解转化合成为稳定的腐殖质的过程。了解微生物群落演替的基本规律,是发展堆肥新方法与理论的重要基础。论文梳理了畜禽粪便堆肥不同阶段中微生物群落结构和功能演替规律,总结了堆肥起始物料的特性（含水量、pH、C/N等）和人为活动（翻堆曝气、菌剂接种）对堆肥微生物群落演替的影响,比较了当前堆肥微生物群落的研究方法。提出了未来畜禽粪便堆肥研究值得重视的科学问题和研究方向,为指导未来的工作提供支持。

关键词: 畜禽粪便堆肥, 堆肥微生物, 结构演替, 功能演替

Abstract:

In order to meet the daily demand of eggs,milk and meat,livestock and poultry breeding industry develops rapidly,and at the same time,a large number of livestock and poultry excrement is in urgent need of treatment. Composting,as an efficient,harmless and resource-based treatment method,has been widely used in the treatment of livestock and poultry manure. Livestock manure composting is a process in which unstable organic matter is decomposed and converted into stable humus through microbial activities. Understanding the succession of microbial community is an important basis for developing new methods and theories of composting. In this paper,the microbial community structure and functional succession in different stages of livestock manure composting are sorted. The characteristics of starting materials（water content,pH,C/N,etc.）and the effects of human activities（aeration and inoculant inoculation）on microbial community succession of compost are summarized. The current methods of studying compost microbial community are compared. Some scientific problems and research directions of livestock manure composting in the future are proposed,and provide support for guiding the future work.

Key words: livestock manure compost, composting microorganism, structure succession, function succession

王孝芳, 万金鑫, 韦中, 徐阳春, 沈其荣. 畜禽粪便堆肥过程中微生物群落演替[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(5): 13-21.

WANG Xiao-fang, WAN Jin-xin, WEI Zhong, XU Yang-chun, SHEN Qi-rong. Succession of Microbial Communities During Livestock Manure Composting[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(5): 13-21.

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