生物技术通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 311-322.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-0277

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

NH3和H2S除臭菌剂的制备及其对厨余垃圾堆肥除臭效果和机理探究

崔若琪1(), 张玲悦2, 江海溶1, 张毓羚1, 张明露1(), 任连海1()   

  1. 1.北京工商大学生态环境学院国家环境保护食品链污染防治重点实验室,北京 100048
    2.北京铁路疾病预防医学研究中心,北京 100020
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-24 出版日期:2023-10-26 发布日期:2023-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 张明露,女,博士,教授,研究方向:环境微生物学;E-mail: zhangminglu@th.btbu.edu.cn
    任连海,男,博士,教授,研究方向:固体废弃物处理与处置;E-mail: renlh@th.btbu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:崔若琪,女,硕士研究生,研究方向:环境微生物学;E-mail: cuiiiirq@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1906004)

Preparation of NH3 and H2S Deodorizing Microbial Agents and Their Deodorizing Effects and Mechanisms on Kitchen Waste Composting

CUI Ruo-qi1(), ZHANG Ling-yue2, JIANG Hai-rong1, ZHANG Yu-ling1, ZHANG Ming-lu1(), REN Lian-hai1()   

  1. 1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048
    2. Beijing Railway Disease Preventive Healthcare Research Center, Beijing 100020
  • Received:2023-03-24 Published:2023-10-26 Online:2023-11-28

摘要:

为了缓解厨余垃圾因降解或腐烂产生的恶臭气体所造成的污染,本研究分别从污泥和厨余堆肥中分离筛选出8株对NH3和H2S具有除臭效果的菌株,混合制备成复合微生物除臭菌剂,研究其除臭效果、堆肥过程中的理化性质和微生物群落的变化。由响应面分析得出菌剂对于NH4+-N降解率的最佳条件为温度27℃、pH 6.21、接种量14%时,NH4+-N的降解率为92.55%;菌剂生成SO42-的最佳条件是温度29℃、pH 6.61和接种量5%时,SO42-的最大生成量为173.57 mg/L。厨余垃圾堆肥添加菌剂后NH3的去除率为55.32%,H2S的去除率为61.72%,同时含水率、C/N、pH均有降低,加速了堆体温度的上升,延长了高温持续时间。菌剂的添加有利于微生物群落结构的改变,增加了去除NH3和H2S的微生物丰度,加快了对NH3和H2S的代谢转化过程,抑制了NH3和H2S的释放,对于厨余垃圾恶臭气体的控制有着良好的应用潜力。

关键词: 微生物除臭剂, 筛选, NH3, H2S

Abstract:

In order to alleviate the pollution caused by the odor gas generated by the degradation or decay of kitchen waste, eight strains with deodorizing effect on NH3 and H2S were isolated and screened from sludge and kitchen waste compost, and mixed them to prepare a composite microbial deodorant. The deodorization effect, physicochemical properties and microbial community changes during composting were studied. The results from response surface analysis showed that the degradation rate of NH4+-N was 92.55% under optimal temperature, pH and inoculum for NH4+-N degradation rate were 27℃, 6.21 and 14%, respectively. The maximum yield of SO42- was 173.57 mg/L when the optimal temperature, pH and inoculum for SO42- production were 29℃, 6.61 and 5%, respectively. The removal rates of H2S and NH3 reached 61.72% and 55.32%, respectively after adding microbial agents in kitchen waste composting. Meanwhile, it reduced the water content, C/N and pH. Besides, it promoted the composting temperature rising, and extended the time of high temperature. In addition, the addition of bacterial agent is beneficial to the change of microbial community structure, increases the number of bacteria that remove ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, accelerates the metabolic transformation process of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, and suppresses the amount of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide released, which has promising application potential for the control of kitchen waste odor gases.

Key words: microbial deodorant, screening, NH3, H2S