香蕉根际土壤解钾放线菌的筛选鉴定及解钾特性研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2015.06.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在根据解钾菌的解钾特性和机理，从香蕉根际土壤中分离获得解钾能力较强且十分稳定的高效解钾放线菌。首先，通过解钾分离培养基和筛选培养基的初筛，获得一批高效解钾菌，然后在实验室条件下鉴定菌株类型和测定解钾率，得到一株高效解钾放线菌。最后通过形态观察、生理生化实验和16S rRNA基因序列分析对所筛菌株进行鉴定，并测定不同条件下的解钾率，对其解钾特性进行了研究。结果显示，从香蕉根际土壤中筛选出16株高效解钾菌，通过鉴定和解钾率的测定，最终获得一株稳定的解钾链霉菌(Streptomycete)M3-4，其在120 h，30℃，pH为6，钾长石粉为5 g，摇床转速为250 r/min条件下，以麦芽糖为碳源，蛋白胨为氮源时解钾率达最大值。该菌株为陕西链霉菌(Streptomyces shaanxiensis)，解钾率约为20%。

关键词: 香蕉根际土壤, 放线菌, 解钾率

Abstract: According to the characteristics and mechanism of potassium-dissolving by potassium-dissolving bacteria, strains of the highly efficient and stable potassium-dissolving bacteria were isolated from the banana rhizosphere soil. Firstly by primary screening in potassium-dissolving separation culture medium and screening culture medium, a number of highly efficient potassium-dissolving bacteria were obtained. Then identifying the strain types and determining the potassium-dissolving ratio in laboratory, highly efficient strains of potassium-dissolving actinomycetes were gained. Finally, based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strains were identified, the potassium-dissolving ratios of them were measured under different conditions, and the potassium-dissolving characteristics were studied. After identifying the isolated 16 strains of efficient potassium-dissolving bacteria and measuring their potassium-dissolving ratios, finally a stable potassium-dissolving Streptomycete M3-4 was obtained. The potassium-dissolving ratio reached the highest under the conditions: 120 h, 30℃, pH=6, the medium potassium mineral content was 5 g, shaking speed in 250 r/min, maltose as carbon source, and peptone as nitrogen sources. The strain is Streptomyces shaanxiensis and potassium-dissolving ratio is about 20%.

Key words: banana rhizosphere soil, actinomycete, potassium-dissolving ratio

陈宇丰, 柯春亮, 周登博, 高祝芬, 戚春林, 张锡炎. 香蕉根际土壤解钾放线菌的筛选鉴定及解钾特性研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2015, 31(6): 129-137.

Chen Yufeng, Ke Chunliang, Zhou Dengbo, Gao Zhufen, Qi Chunlin, Zhang Xiyan. Screening，Identification and Potassium-dissolving Characteristics of Potassium-dissolving Actinomycete in Banana Rhizosphere Soil[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2015, 31(6): 129-137.

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