产聚谷氨酸菌株的筛选及菌株发酵液对玉米幼苗抗旱性的作用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2017-0699

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 聚谷氨酸（poly-γ-glutamic acid，γ-PGA）作为新型生物保水剂，具有重要的农业应用价值。从纳豆和豆豉样品中分离筛选到2株聚谷氨酸产生菌Y2与P1。经形态、生理生化特征以及16S rRNA 序列分析，鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）。研究分析聚谷氨酸产生菌发酵液对土壤持水性以及干旱胁迫下玉米抗旱能力的影响。结果表明，Y2和P1菌株发酵液对土壤水分蒸发有明显的减缓效果。与对照相比，施加聚谷氨酸发酵液土壤含水率提高近4%。同时增强玉米幼苗的抗旱性，显著提高了玉米幼苗地上部和地下部生物量。菌株P1的发酵液可使玉米幼苗的地上与地下生物量分别提高40.70%与19.59%。BiologECO结果显示，添加菌株Y2和P1的聚谷氨酸发酵液未显著影响土壤中常见微生物群落的代谢多样性和均度。本研究的聚谷氨酸发酵液是一种安全的生物保水剂，可扩大应用于田间生态系统，以增强土壤保水性及植被的抗旱能力。

关键词: 聚谷氨酸, 抗旱, 干旱胁迫, 土壤微生物

Abstract: As a novel biological water absorbent，poly-γ-gamma glutamic acid（γ-PGA）has a significant application value on water-saving agricultural production. Two γ-PGA-producing strains，Y2 and P1，were isolated and screened from natto and fermented soya bean samples. By analyzing their morphological and physic-chemical characters，and 16S rRNA sequence，they were identified as Bacillus subtilis. Then，the effects of γ-PGA fermentation broth on the soil water-holding capacity and the drought resistance of maize seedling under water stress were also studied. The results showed that the fermentation broth of Y2 and P1 significantly decreased the soil water evaporation. Compared with the control treatment，adding fermentation broth from γ-PGA-producing strain promoted the soil water content by 4%. At the same time，the addition of γ-PGA fermentation broth enhanced the drought resistance of maize seedlings，and significantly increased aboveground and underground biomass of maize seedlings by 40.70% and 19.59%，respectively. The result of biologECO showed that the γ-PGA fermentation broth from Y2 and P1 had insignificant effect on microbial diversity and evenness. Thus，the γ-PGA fermentation broth is an environmental friendly biological water absorbent，which can be used directly to enhance soil water retention and drought resistance of vegetation in field.

Key words: poly-γ-glutamic acid, drought resistance, drought stress, soil microbes

贾艳萍, 殷爱鸣, 孙艳梅, 程首涛, 王旭明. 产聚谷氨酸菌株的筛选及菌株发酵液对玉米幼苗抗旱性的作用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2017, 33(10): 135-142.

JIA Yan-ping, YIN Ai-ming, SUN Yan-mei, CHENG Shou-tao, WANG Xu-ming. Screen of Poly-γ-gamma Glutamic Acid Producing Bacteria and Their Glutamic Acid Fermentation Broth’s Function on the Drought Resistance of Maize[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2017, 33(10): 135-142.

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