关键词: 小麦, 诱变育种, 诱变因素, 突变类型

Abstract: Induced mutation breeding is a technology that uses physical radiation factors of ray,ion and neutron as well as the spaceflight environment to induce the seeds or in vitro tissues of plants,thus the advantageous mutants are obtained,and the breeding cycle is shortened. According to incomplete statistics of the FAO/IAEA database,up to May 2016,more than 3200 officially mutant cultivars in 214 crop species are released in more than 60 countries of the world. And 254 wheat mutants have been released by 21 countries,and 164 wheat mutants of which are in China and accounts for 64% of total,which is the top one in the world. This article summarizes the domestic achievements of inducing techniques for wheat breeding,outlines the mutations of traits such as wheat agronomic traits,yield and quality traits,and forecasts the goals and methods of induced mutation in wheat breeding. Those aim to provide reference for the further development of wheat breeding by induction,and to promote the application and development of modern physical agriculture.

Key words: wheat, induced breeding, induced factor, mutation type