细菌素及其潜在新应用的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0354

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

细菌素是一种由微生物核糖体合成的抗菌肽,一般作为食品防腐剂使用。近年来,科学家挑选少数的细菌素进行深入的研究,开辟了细菌素新的研究领域,并拓宽了其应用范围。随着遗传学和纳米技术的快速发展,细菌素极有可能发展成为下一代新型抗生素、新型载体分子,肿瘤治疗的药物等。同时,科学家发现一些细菌素具有调节群体感应的功能,这一发现表明细菌素具有应用到新领域的可能。目前,革兰氏阴性菌产生的细菌素主要用于细菌素翻译修饰研究,而革兰氏阳性菌（主要是乳酸菌）产生的细菌素主要进行细菌素应用方面的研究。当前,细菌素的应用正从食品领域扩展至人类健康方面。综述了细菌素的功能及其作用效果,并且详细描述了其从食品领域到人类健康方面的应用,表明了细菌素的重要性,旨在为进一步研究细菌素在食品防腐、人类疾病防治和生物防治等领域奠定基础。

关键词: 细菌素, 抗菌活性, 信号分子, 群体感应

Abstract:

Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides synthesized in microbial ribosomes and are generally used as food preservatives. In recent years,scientists have selected a small number of bacteriocins to conduct in-depth study,opened up new research fields for bacteriocins,and extended their application area. With the rapid development of genetics and nanotechnology,bacteriocins are likely to be developed into the next generation of antibiotics,novel carrier molecules,and drugs for the treatment of tumors. Concurrently,scientists have discovered that some bacteriocins have the ability to regulate quorum sensing,this finding suggests that bacteriocins may be applied in new areas. At present,the bacteriocins produced by Gram-negative bacteria are mainly utilized for the study of translation and modification of bacteriocins,while the bacteriocins produced by Gram-positive bacteria（mainly lactic acid bacteria）are mainly for the study of bacteriocin application. Currently,the application of bacteriocins is expanding from the food field to human health. This review focuses on the function of bacteriocins and their effects,and describes their application from the food field to human health in detail,indicating the importance of bacteriocin.to further study bacteriocin laid the foundation for food antisepsis,human disease prevention and biological control.

Key words: bacteriocins, antibacterial activity, signal molecules, quorum sensing

毛雯, 田露, 龚国利. 细菌素及其潜在新应用的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(10): 35-40.

MAO Wen, TIAN Lu, GONG Guo-li. Research Progress on Bacteriocins and Their Potential New Applications[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(10): 35-40.

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