生物技术通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 175-182.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0409
张洁(), 夏明聪, 朱文倩, 梁娟, 孙润红, 徐文, 武超, 杨丽荣()
收稿日期:
2021-04-01
出版日期:
2021-07-26
发布日期:
2021-08-13
作者简介:
张洁,女,博士,助理研究员,研究方向:植物病害生物防治;E-mail: 基金资助:
ZHANG Jie(), XIA Ming-cong, ZHU Wen-qian, LIANG Juan, SUN Run-hong, XU Wen, WU Chao, YANG Li-rong()
Received:
2021-04-01
Published:
2021-07-26
Online:
2021-08-13
摘要:
芽胞杆菌是一类重要的植物病害生防因子。为挖掘防治蔬菜根结线虫的芽胞杆菌优良菌株,从根结线虫病抑制性土壤中分离到62株芽胞杆菌,测定不同菌株发酵滤液对二龄幼虫的致死作用和卵孵化的抑制作用初筛生防菌,然后利用室内盆栽试验测定生防菌株的防治效果,结果发现NB-04菌液灌根处理根结指数最低,防治效果达61.6%。进一步通过形态特征和16S rDNA序列比对,将NB-04菌株鉴定为甲基营养型芽胞杆菌Bacillus methylotrophicus。此外,测定了该菌株发酵滤液对根结线虫卵囊过氧化氢酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶和羧酸酯酶的活性以及卵囊总糖和总蛋白含量的影响,探讨其生防机理。结果显示NB-04菌株发酵滤液能够显著降低根结线虫卵囊过氧化氢酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶和羧酸酯酶的活性以及卵囊总糖和总蛋白含量。本研究为生物杀线剂的开发及利用提供依据。
张洁, 夏明聪, 朱文倩, 梁娟, 孙润红, 徐文, 武超, 杨丽荣. 蔬菜根结线虫生防芽胞杆菌的筛选及作用机理研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(7): 175-182.
ZHANG Jie, XIA Ming-cong, ZHU Wen-qian, LIANG Juan, SUN Run-hong, XU Wen, WU Chao, YANG Li-rong. Screening of Bacillus sp. Against Vegetable Root-knot Nematode and Study on Its Biocontrol Mechanism[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(7): 175-182.
处理 Treatment | 死亡率 Mortality/% | 校正死亡率 Adjusted mortality/% | 卵孵化率 Egg hatch rate/% | 孵化抑制率 Inhibition rate of egg hatch/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
NB-04 | 94.2±1.2 a | 84.9 a | 13.6±1.8 g | 78.6 a |
NB-36 | 90.4±2.5 ab | 75.1 ab | 12.0±1.5 g | 81.1 a |
NB-18 | 89.3±1.5 abc | 72.4 abc | 38.4±1.2 c | 39.5 fg |
NB-21 | 89.2±1.3 abc | 72.1 abc | 33.7±2.1 cd | 46.9 ef |
NB-12 | 88.6±0.4 abc | 70.5 abc | 13.5±1.6 g | 78.7 a |
NB-54 | 86.9±0.9 abcd | 66.2 abc | 28.5±3.3 de | 55.1 de |
NB-53 | 86.2±2.2 abcd | 64.3 abcd | 22.5±1.4 ef | 64.6 bcd |
NB-29 | 86.0±0.4 abcd | 63.9 abcd | 45.2±3.7 b | 28.8 g |
NB-15 | 85.7±0.1 abcd | 63.1 abcd | 18.5±1.9 fg | 70.9 abc |
NB-46 | 85.6±2.0 abcd | 62.3 abcd | 27.5±3.0 de | 56.7 de |
NB-17 | 85.2±2.0 bcd | 61.8 abcd | 27.8±1.7 de | 56.2 de |
NB-45 | 84.6±2.2 bcd | 60.2 abcd | 25.0±1.7 ef | 60.6 cd |
NB-31 | 81.4±4.1 cde | 52.1 bcd | 14.8±2.2 g | 76.7 ab |
NB-26 | 79.6±4.0 de | 47.5 bcd | 35.5±2.0 c | 44.1 ef |
NB-33 | 79.3±1.2 de | 46.5 cd | 27.8±2.0 de | 56.2 de |
NB-11 | 75.8±3.2 e | 37.4 d | 15.1±0.7 g | 76.2 ab |
对照 Control | 61.2±6.0 f | / | 63.5±4.3 a | / |
表1 不同细菌发酵滤液对根结线虫二龄幼虫的死亡率和卵孵化率的影响
Table 1 Effects of the bacterial fermentation filtrates on the mortality and egg hatch rates of M. incognita J2
处理 Treatment | 死亡率 Mortality/% | 校正死亡率 Adjusted mortality/% | 卵孵化率 Egg hatch rate/% | 孵化抑制率 Inhibition rate of egg hatch/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
NB-04 | 94.2±1.2 a | 84.9 a | 13.6±1.8 g | 78.6 a |
NB-36 | 90.4±2.5 ab | 75.1 ab | 12.0±1.5 g | 81.1 a |
NB-18 | 89.3±1.5 abc | 72.4 abc | 38.4±1.2 c | 39.5 fg |
NB-21 | 89.2±1.3 abc | 72.1 abc | 33.7±2.1 cd | 46.9 ef |
NB-12 | 88.6±0.4 abc | 70.5 abc | 13.5±1.6 g | 78.7 a |
NB-54 | 86.9±0.9 abcd | 66.2 abc | 28.5±3.3 de | 55.1 de |
NB-53 | 86.2±2.2 abcd | 64.3 abcd | 22.5±1.4 ef | 64.6 bcd |
NB-29 | 86.0±0.4 abcd | 63.9 abcd | 45.2±3.7 b | 28.8 g |
NB-15 | 85.7±0.1 abcd | 63.1 abcd | 18.5±1.9 fg | 70.9 abc |
NB-46 | 85.6±2.0 abcd | 62.3 abcd | 27.5±3.0 de | 56.7 de |
NB-17 | 85.2±2.0 bcd | 61.8 abcd | 27.8±1.7 de | 56.2 de |
NB-45 | 84.6±2.2 bcd | 60.2 abcd | 25.0±1.7 ef | 60.6 cd |
NB-31 | 81.4±4.1 cde | 52.1 bcd | 14.8±2.2 g | 76.7 ab |
NB-26 | 79.6±4.0 de | 47.5 bcd | 35.5±2.0 c | 44.1 ef |
NB-33 | 79.3±1.2 de | 46.5 cd | 27.8±2.0 de | 56.2 de |
NB-11 | 75.8±3.2 e | 37.4 d | 15.1±0.7 g | 76.2 ab |
对照 Control | 61.2±6.0 f | / | 63.5±4.3 a | / |
处理 Treatment | 根结指数 Root-knot index | 防治效果 Control effect/% | 株高 Plant height/cm | 鲜重 Fresh weight/g |
---|---|---|---|---|
NB-04 | 31.1±4.3 cd | 61.6 | 52.0±4.5 a | 23.9±1.0 a |
NB-36 | 34.7±3.0 c | 57.2 | 49.6±4.7 ab | 21.5±2.9 a |
NB-12 | 40.4±1.3 bc | 50.1 | 46.1±3.7 ab | 18.9±2.4 ab |
NB-18 | 45.0±2.1 b | 44.4 | 39.7±5.6 ab | 16.4±2.5 ab |
0.5% 阿维菌素 0.5% Avermectin | 24.9±1.8 d | 69.2 | 46.3±2.5 ab | 19.8±2.0 ab |
对照 Control | 81.0±2.1 a | / | 36.5±3.5 b | 16.9±2.2 b |
表2 不同生防菌株对南方根结线虫的盆栽防治效果及番茄植株生长的影响
Table 2 Pot control effects of biocontrol strains against M. incognita and their influences on tomato plant growth
处理 Treatment | 根结指数 Root-knot index | 防治效果 Control effect/% | 株高 Plant height/cm | 鲜重 Fresh weight/g |
---|---|---|---|---|
NB-04 | 31.1±4.3 cd | 61.6 | 52.0±4.5 a | 23.9±1.0 a |
NB-36 | 34.7±3.0 c | 57.2 | 49.6±4.7 ab | 21.5±2.9 a |
NB-12 | 40.4±1.3 bc | 50.1 | 46.1±3.7 ab | 18.9±2.4 ab |
NB-18 | 45.0±2.1 b | 44.4 | 39.7±5.6 ab | 16.4±2.5 ab |
0.5% 阿维菌素 0.5% Avermectin | 24.9±1.8 d | 69.2 | 46.3±2.5 ab | 19.8±2.0 ab |
对照 Control | 81.0±2.1 a | / | 36.5±3.5 b | 16.9±2.2 b |
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