生物技术通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 94-104.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0142

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于SSR标记的马铃薯野生种和地方种遗传多样性分析和指纹图谱构建

卢瑶1(), 袁平平2, 金鑫3, 毛向红1, 范向斌1, 白小东1()   

  1. 1.山西农业大学高寒区作物研究所 马铃薯遗传改良与种质创新山西省重点实验室,大同 037006
    2.国际马铃薯中心亚太中心,北京 102100
    3.宁夏回族自治区原种场,银川 750200
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-12 出版日期:2025-09-26 发布日期:2025-09-24
  • 通讯作者: 白小东,男,研究方向 :马铃薯育种与栽培技术;E-mail: bxd5561@126.com
  • 作者简介:卢瑶,女,研究方向 :马铃薯遗传育种;E-mail: luyao041800@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2023L038);山西农业大学高寒区作物研究所所级项目(GHS202402);国家马铃薯产业技术体系(CARS-09-ES02);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(2025CYJSTX06);大同市应用基础研究计划项目(2024078)

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Fingerprinting of Wild Potato and Landraces Based on SSR Markers

LU Yao1(), YUAN Ping-ping2, JIN Xin3, MAO Xiang-hong1, FAN Xiang-bin1, BAI Xiao-dong1()   

  1. 1.Shanxi Agricultural University, High Latitude Crops Institute to Shanxi Academy, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Potato Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Datong 037006
    2.CIP-China Center for Asia Pacific, Beijing 102100
    3.Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Raw Seed Farm, Yinchuan 750200
  • Received:2025-02-12 Published:2025-09-26 Online:2025-09-24

摘要:

目的 从分子水平分析马铃薯野生种、地方种的遗传多样性并建立马铃薯种质资源的指纹图谱库。 方法 利用简单串接重复序列(simple sequence repeat, SSR)分子标记技术,对国际马铃薯中心亚太中心保存的73份马铃薯野生种、地方种的遗传多样性进行研究。 结果 平均等位基因数(Na)为1.843 7,Nei’s平均基因多样性指数为0.065 9,平均Shannon信息指数为0.128 6,多态性信息含量PIC平均值为0.848 4,表明供试的73份马铃薯种质资源多态性高但遗传差异小。Structure群体结构将73份马铃薯种质分为7个类群,UPGMA聚类分析分为4个类群。 结论 从14对引物中筛选出可完全区分73份种质的5对核心引物,构建了73份马铃薯野生种和地方种的指纹图谱,为后续马铃薯种质鉴定和筛选体系的研究提供了理论基础和技术支撑。

关键词: 马铃薯, 野生种, 地方种, 遗传多样性, SSR, 指纹图谱

Abstract:

Objective Analyze genetic diversity of wild and landrace potato species at the molecular level and establish a fingerprint database for potato germplasm resources. Method SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) molecular markers was used to analyze the genetic diversity of 73 wild potato and landrace potato species preserved at the CIP-China Center for Asia Pacific. Result The genetic diversity analysis revealed an average number of alleles (Na) of 1.843 7, Nei’s gene diversity index of 0.065 9, Shannon’s information index of 0.128 6, and an average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.848 4, indicating high polymorphism but low genetic differentiation among the 73 germplasm resources. The germplasms were classified into seven subpopulations by Structure analysis, whereas they were divided into four groups via UPGMA clustering. Conclusion Five pairs of core primers are selected from 14 SSR primers, enabling complete differentiation of all 73 accessions. These primers were used to construct unique DNA fingerprints for the 73 wild and landrace potato accessions. This work provides a theoretical foundation and technical framework for future germplasm identification and screening systems in potato breeding.

Key words: potato, wild potato, landraces, genetic diversity, SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat), fingerprinting