生物技术通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (10): 179-187.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

东北地区耐盐芽胞杆菌筛选统计及初步鉴定

杜传英, 李海涛, 刘荣梅, 谢滨姣, 张金波, 高继国   

  1. 东北农业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨 150030
  • 收稿日期:2014-02-23 出版日期:2014-10-20 发布日期:2014-10-17
  • 作者简介:杜传英,女,硕士,研究方向:生物化学与分子生物学
  • 基金资助:
    国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2011aa10a203),转基因生物新品种培育(国家科技重大专项)(2014ZX0800913B-002),国家基础科学人才培养基金资助项目(J1210069),东北农业大学博士启动基金项目(2010RCB54)

Isolation and Primary Identification of Salt-tolerant Bacillus in Northeast of China

Du Chuanying, Li Haitao, Liu Rongmei, Xie Binjiao, Zhang Jinbo, Gao Jiguo   

  1. College of Life Science,Northeast Agricultural University,HarBin 150030
  • Received:2014-02-23 Published:2014-10-20 Online:2014-10-17

摘要: 采用温度筛选与表面定向培养相结合的方法对东北地区土壤中可培养耐盐芽胞杆菌进行分离和筛选,得到137株芽胞杆菌,其中耐盐芽胞杆菌74株,占总芽胞杆菌数量的54%,最适盐浓度均为1%,耐盐能力在4%-14%之间。通过扩增耐盐菌株的16S rRNA基因序列,对其进行分子鉴定和分类,获得东北地区土壤中可培养的耐盐芽胞杆菌的多样性信息。通过同源性比对和耐盐性差异,确定36株差异耐盐芽胞杆菌,分属于芽胞杆菌属中的7个种。其中多数菌株为苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)(14株,占总数38.9%,最高耐盐性在4%-9%NaCl之间)。其次依次为蜡样芽胞杆菌(Bacillus cereus)(7株,19.4%,4%-8%NaCl),枯草芽胞杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)(7株,19.4%,8%-11%NaCl),炭疽芽胞杆菌(Bacillus anthracis)(4株,11.1%,5%-7%NaCl),弯曲芽胞杆菌(Bacillus flexus)(2株,5.6%,9%-14%NaCl),球形芽胞杆菌(Bacillus sphaericus)(1株,2.8%,5%NaCl)和阿氏芽胞杆菌(Bacillus aryabhattai)(1株,2.8%,6%NaCl)。弯曲芽胞杆菌和枯草芽胞杆菌的耐盐能力较好。从中选取3株代表菌株,明确了其培养特性、形态特征及生理生化特性,并对其分别进行了系统发育分析。

关键词: 耐盐, 芽胞杆菌, 分离, 初步鉴定, 16S rRNA

Abstract: To analyze the biodiversity of salt-tolerant Bacillus in the northeast of China, the temperature screening and gradient plate methods were used. 137 Bacillus strains were obtained, in which has 74 salt-tolerant Bacillus strains, 54% of total Bacillus strains. The optimum salt concentrations of these salt-tolerant Bacillus strains were all 1% and the range were 4%-14%. 16S rRNA sequences were amplified and analyzed for the determination of phylogenetic relationships. The 36 salt-tolerant Bacillus strains were different from each other in their 16S rRNA sequences or the salt tolerance, classified into 7 species of Bacillus genera. Among them, Bacillus thuringiensis was majority(14 strains, 38.9% of all, highest salt tolerance were 4%-9%NaCl), second were Bacillus cereus(7, 19.4%, 4%-8%)and Bacillus subtilis(7, 19.4%, 8%-11%), then Bacillus anthracis(4, 11.1%, 5%-7%), Bacillus flexus(2, 5.6%, 9%-14%), Bacillus sphaericus(1, 2.8%, 5%)and Bacillus aryabhattai(1, 2.8%, 6%). Bacillus flexus and Bacillus subtilis were shown better salt tolerance. Cultural and morphology characteristics, biochemical indexes and phylogenetic analysis of 3 typical strains were given. Provide an effective data support for the discovery of salt-tolerant Bacillus.

Key words: Salt-tolerant, Bacillus, Isolation, Primary identification, 16S rRNA