木质素降解酶及相关基因研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生物质的高效综合利用已成为全球关注的热点问题。生物质的主要成分是木质素、纤维素和半纤维素,其利用的关键是如何去除木质素,从而提高纤维素和半纤维素的得率。其中利用真菌的生物预处理方法因条件温和、无二次污染等优点符合全球经济可持续发展需要,受到研究者的普遍关注。综述了近年国内外真菌分泌的主要木质素降解酶,包括木质素过氧化物酶（LiP）、锰过氧化物酶（MnP）、漆酶（laccase）和多功能过氧化物酶（VP）的主要特点,总结了木质素降解相关酶的基因工程、基因组学的研究成果,并对其发展前景进行了展望。

关键词: 木质素, 生物降解, 过氧化物酶, 漆酶, 基因组学

Abstract: Efficient enzymatic conversion of renewable biomass becomes the focus of intensive research currently throughout the world. Lignocellulose is comprised mainly of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Removal of lignin from the complex lignocellulosic matrix is considered as the key process of comprehensive lignocellulose utilization, which renders recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass more accessible to the hydrolytic enzyme system. Biodegradation of lignin by fungi is more environment friendly and less energy intensive, compared to other pretreatment methods. Its mechanism is based principally on the activity of different extracellular enzymes. Here we reviewed the recent progress in characteristics of fungal lignin-degrading enzymes, including lignin peroxidase（LiP）, manganese peroxidase（MnP）, laccase and versatile peroxidase（VP）, and also their applications in genetic engineering and genomics research.

Key words: Lignin , Biodegradation , Peroxidase , Laccase , Genomics

董秀芹,袁红莉,高同国. 木质素降解酶及相关基因研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2014, 0(11): 62-72.

Dong Xiuqin,Yuan Hongli,Gao Tongguo. Progress in Studies of Ligninolytic Enzymes and Genes[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2014, 0(11): 62-72.

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