耐盐碱石油烃降解菌的筛选、鉴定及其耐盐碱性研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2015.01.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从大港油田区石油污染盐碱化土壤和油泥中筛选得到10株耐盐碱石油烃降解菌，通过形态特征、生理生化特征和16S rRNA序列分析确定这些菌株为苍白杆菌属、葡萄球菌属、迪茨菌属、棒状杆菌属、无色杆菌属、微杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属。通过液体培养试验，研究了10株菌的耐盐碱能力。结果表明，除B07仅能耐受3%盐度外，其他菌株均能耐受5%或者更高的盐度环境，其中B02和B05在盐度高达11%时仍具有较高的生长活性；10株菌均能耐受pH为9的碱度环境，B01、B03、B04、B06、B09能耐受pH为10的环境，其中，B03和B04在pH为11时仍具有较高的生长活性。研究表明石油烃降解菌在不同微生物种属中广泛存在，并具有较好的耐盐碱特性，有望在石油污染盐碱化土壤修复中广泛应用。

关键词: 耐盐碱, 石油污染, 土壤, 石油烃降解菌, 生物修复

Abstract: 10 saline-alkaline tolerant strains which can degrade hydrocarbons were isolated from a petroleum-contaminated saline soil in Dagang oilfield of China. According to their morphology, physiochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the 10 strains were identified as Ochrobactrum, Staphylococcus, Dietzia, Corynebacterium, Achromobacter, Microbacterium and Bacillus. Moreover, a series of liquid incubation experiments were conducted to investigate their saline tolerant and alkaline tolerant characteristics. The salt resistance test demonstrated that 10 strains grew well at NaCl concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% or even higher except B07 which could grow under 3% of NaCl. B02 and B05 still had high growth activity under a salinity of 11%. The alkalinity resistance test demonstrated that all the 10 strains grew well at pH 9. Besides, B01, B03, B04, B06 and B09 could endure the pH of 10, B03 and B04 still had high growth activity with the pH of 11. The results indicated that petroleum-degradation bacteria with high saline tolerant and alkaline tolerant abilities were widespread among different microbial species. Therefore, they are expected to be widely used in the remediation of oil-contaminated saline alkaline soil.

Key words: saline-alkaline tolerance, petroleum contamination, soil, petroleum-degradation bacteria, bioremediation

张海荣,唐景春,孙克静,张清敏. 耐盐碱石油烃降解菌的筛选、鉴定及其耐盐碱性研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2015, 31(1): 151-159.

Zhang Hairong, Tang Jingchun, Sun Kejing, Zhang Qingmin. Isolation and Identification of Saline-alkaline Tolerant Hydrocarbon-degrading Strains and Study on Their Saline-alkaline Tolerant Characteristics[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2015, 31(1): 151-159.

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