不同氮源及氮浓度对耐高盐真眼点藻生长、脂类积累及脂肪酸组成的影响

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0009

生物技术通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 62-68.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0009

不同氮源及氮浓度对耐高盐真眼点藻生长、脂类积累及脂肪酸组成的影响

赵伟^1,2, 李涛^1,3, 吴华莲^1,3, 陈浩^1,2, 刘德海⁴, 向文洲^1,3, 吴后波^1,3

1. 中国科学院南海海洋研究所,中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广州 510301;
2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049;
3. 中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院,广州 510301;
4. 广州市白云联佳精细化工厂,广州 510412

收稿日期:2019-01-03 出版日期:2019-06-26 发布日期:2019-07-08
作者简介:赵伟,男,硕士研究生,研究方向：微藻生物技术;E-mail：cnxzwei@163.com;李涛为共同第一作者
基金资助:
国家自然科学青年科学基金项目（31602182）; 广东省自然科学基金（2016A030310016）; 福建省科技计划项目（2017T3008）

Growth,Lipid Accumulation,and Fat Composition of Eustigmatos sp. Under Different Nitrogen Source and Concentration

ZHAO Wei^1,2, LI Tao^1,3, WU Hua-lian^1,3, CHEN Hao^1,2, LIU De-Hai⁴, XIANG Wen-zhou^1,3, WU Hou-bo^1,3

1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;
3. Institute of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301;
4. Guangzhou Baiyun Lianjia Fine Chemical Plant,Guangzhou 510412

Received:2019-01-03 Published:2019-06-26 Online:2019-07-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 真眼点藻纲（Eustigmatophyceae）微藻可以积累高含量的EPA具有重要的开发利用价值。为了探究不同氮源及氮浓度对一株耐高盐真眼点藻（Eustigmatos sp.）的生长、脂类积累及脂肪酸组成的影响,实验以BG-11为基础培养基,选用三种不同类型氮源（硝酸钠、尿素、碳酸氢铵）,每种氮源设置三种氮浓度（3.5 mmol/L、5.9 mmol/L、17.6 mmol/L）,跟踪测定真眼点藻培养过程生物质浓度、总脂含量、脂类分级及脂肪酸组成的变化情况。结果显示：在以碳酸氢铵为氮源,氮浓度为17.6 mmol/L条件下真眼点藻的生物质浓度最高（7.07 g/L）;三种氮源3.5 mmol/L组真眼点藻的总脂积累量均高于5.9 mmol/L组和17.6 mmol/L组,在3.5 mmol/L条件下,真眼点藻在以尿素为氮源的实验组中获得最高总脂产量（4.18 g/L）,其次为硝酸钠（4.07 g/L）,最低为碳酸氢铵（3.42 g/L）。氮胁迫可以使真眼点藻的中性脂比例增加,3.5 mmol/L组的中性脂比例均高于5.9 mmol/L组和17.6 mmol/L组,在3.5 mmol/L条件下,真眼点藻在尿素组、碳酸氢铵组和硝酸钠组的中性脂含量分别为79.0% TL（TL为total lipid的简写）、77.0% TL和75.7% TL;真眼点藻的脂肪酸组成主要有C14∶0（豆蔻酸）、C16∶0（棕榈酸）、C16∶1（棕榈油酸）、C18∶1（油酸）、C18∶2（亚油酸）、C20∶4（花生四烯酸）和C20∶5（EPA）,其中C16∶1的含量占51% TFA（TFA为total fatty acid的简写）,在以硝酸钠为氮源的处理组中,17.6 mmol/L条件下C20∶5（EPA）的百分含量最高,为7.18% TFA,尿素氮源次之（6.20% TFA）,最小为碳酸氢铵（4.82% TFA）。该研究显示真眼点藻（Eustigmatos sp.）是一株极具开发潜力的微藻。

关键词: 真眼点藻, 生长, 总脂, 脂肪酸, 氮源

Abstract: Eustigmatophyceae can accumulate high content of eicosapntemacnioc acid（EPA）,which is of great value for development and utilization. The aims of the present work are to investigate the effects of different nitrogen sources and concentrations on the growth,fat accumulation and fatty acid composition of Eustigmatos sp. tolerating high salt. Using G-11 as basic medium,3 nitrogen sources（sodium nitrate,urea,and bicarbonate）were selected and 3 nitrogen concentrations（3.5 mmol/L,5.9 mmol/L and 17.6 mmol/L）for each nitrogen source were set,the time-course changes in biomass,total lipids content,fat classification and fatty acid composition of Eustigmatos sp. were traced and determined. The results showed that the highest biomass concentration of Eustigmatos sp. was 7.07 g/L while ammonium bicarbonate（17.6 mmol/L）as nitrogen source. The total lipids yield by 3 nitrogen sources at 3.5 mmol/L was higher than that at 5.9 mmol/L and 17.6 mmol/L,and while under 3.5 mmol/L it was the highest 4.18 g/L by urea as nitrogen source,following 4.07 g/L by sodium nitrate,and the lowest 3.42 g/L by ammonium bicarbonate. Nitrogen deficiency increased the proportion of neutral lipids in Eustigmatos sp. The proportion of neutral lipids at 3.5 mmol/L was higher than that at 5.9 mmol/L and 17.6 mmol/L. At 3.5 mmol/L condition,the content of neutral lipids in urea group,ammonium bicarbonate group and sodium nitrate group were 79.0% TL（total lipids）,77.0% TL and 75.7% TL,respectively. The fatty acid composition of Eustigmatos sp. was mainly C14∶0（myristic acid）,C16∶0（palmitic acid）,C16∶1（palmitoleic acid）,C18∶1（oleic acid）,C18∶2（linoleic acid）,C20∶4（arachidonic acid）and C20∶5（EPA）. The content of C16∶1 was 51% in total acid fatty（TFA）. The highest percentage of C20∶5（EPA）was at 17.6 mmol/L,7.18% TFA by sodium nitrate,followed by 6.20% TFA by urea and the lowest 4.82% TFA by ammonium bicarbonate. In conclusion,Eustigmatos sp. presents great development potential.

Key words: Eustigmatos, growth, total lipid, fatty acid, nitrogen source

赵伟, 李涛, 吴华莲, 陈浩, 刘德海, 向文洲, 吴后波. 不同氮源及氮浓度对耐高盐真眼点藻生长、脂类积累及脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 生物技术通报, 2019, 35(6): 62-68.

ZHAO Wei, LI Tao, WU Hua-lian, CHEN Hao, LIU De-Hai, XIANG Wen-zhou, WU Hou-bo. Growth,Lipid Accumulation,and Fat Composition of Eustigmatos sp. Under Different Nitrogen Source and Concentration[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(6): 62-68.

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不同氮源及氮浓度对耐高盐真眼点藻生长、脂类积累及脂肪酸组成的影响

Growth,Lipid Accumulation,and Fat Composition of Eustigmatos sp. Under Different Nitrogen Source and Concentration

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