PET水解酶的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-0336

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）是目前广泛使用的塑料之一,其废弃物污染已成为全球性的环境问题之一。PET水解酶可在较温和条件下将PET水解为单体对苯二甲酸和乙二醇,利用酶法降解PET为解决“白色污染”问题提供了一种比较环保的可能性。主要从三维结构,催化机制及降解能力这3方面对4种PET水解酶：角质酶、PETase、脂肪酶及MHETase进行梳理总结,重点阐述了角质酶和PETase的分子改造进展,并对实现PET废弃物高效酶法降解的关键科学问题进行了展望,以期为开发更加高效的PET水解酶提供参考依据。

关键词: 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯, 角质酶, PETase, 脂肪酶, MHETase, 催化机制, 蛋白质工程

Abstract:

Polyethylene terephthalate（PET）is one of the most widely used plastics and accumulation of the discarded PET has become a global environmental issue. PET hydrolytic enzymes mainly hydrolyze PET into soluble building blocks：terephthalic acid（TPA）and ethylene glycol（EG）at moderate conditions. Enzymatic degradation of the recalcitrant plastic PET may provide a more environmentally friendly approach to solve the problem of “white pollution.” Here,we reviewed the 3D structures,catalytic mechanisms and PET degradation activity of four PET hydrolases,including cutinases,PETase,lipases and MHETase,mainly focusing on the protein engineering effort of cutinases and PETase. We also discussed the key scientific challenges on the development of high efficient enzymatic degradation of PET,aiming to provide theoretical basis for the engineering of more efficient PET hydrolytic enzymes.

Key words: polyethylene terephthalate（PET）, cutinases, PETase, lipases, MHETase, catalytic mechanism, protein engineering

石利霞, 高松枫, 朱蕾蕾. PET水解酶的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(10): 226-236.

SHI Li-xia, GAO Song-feng, ZHU Lei-lei. Research Advance in Polyethylene Terephthalate Hydrolytic Enzymes[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2020, 36(10): 226-236.

图/表 7

参考文献 78

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Source		Enzyme	PDB ID	Material	Temperature/℃	Time/h	Weight loss/%	References
Metagenomic	Leaf-branch compost	LCC	4EB0	lc PET film	70	48	95	[4-5]
Fungi	Humilica insolens	HiC	4OYY	lcPET film（7% crystallinity）	70	96	97±3	[6-7]
Fungi	Fusarium solani	FsC	1CEX	lcPET film（7% crystallinity）	40	96	5±1	[6,8]
bacterial	Thermobifida cellulosilytica	Thc_Cut1	5LUI	PET film（37% crystallinity）	50	72	-	[9-10]
	Thermobifida cellulosilytica	Thc_Cut2	5LUJ	PET film（37% crystallinity）	50	72	-	[9-10]
	Thermobifida fusca	TfH（BTA1）	-	PET film	65	48	12.9±1.2	[11]
	Thermobifida fusca KW3	TfCut2	4CG1	amorphous PET film	65	50	15.9±1.8	[12]

Source		Enzyme	PDB ID	Material	Temperature/℃	Time/h	Weight loss/%	References
Metagenomic	Leaf-branch compost	LCC	4EB0	lc PET film	70	48	95	[4-5]
Fungi	Humilica insolens	HiC	4OYY	lcPET film（7% crystallinity）	70	96	97±3	[6-7]
Fungi	Fusarium solani	FsC	1CEX	lcPET film（7% crystallinity）	40	96	5±1	[6,8]
bacterial	Thermobifida cellulosilytica	Thc_Cut1	5LUI	PET film（37% crystallinity）	50	72	-	[9-10]
	Thermobifida cellulosilytica	Thc_Cut2	5LUJ	PET film（37% crystallinity）	50	72	-	[9-10]
	Thermobifida fusca	TfH（BTA1）	-	PET film	65	48	12.9±1.2	[11]
	Thermobifida fusca KW3	TfCut2	4CG1	amorphous PET film	65	50	15.9±1.8	[12]

Source of Lipases	Type of PET	Effect on PET	References
Thermomyces lanuginosus	Fabric,fibers PET trimer	Hydrolysis increased hydrophilicity	[13-16]
Aspergillus sp.	Fabric, PET trimer	Hydrolysis increased hydrophilicity	[17]
Porcine（hog）pancreas	Fabric	Increased hydrophilicity changes in surface morphology	[18-20]
Burkholderia cepacia	Fabric, PET trimer	Hydrolysis increased hydrophilicity	[20]
Candida antarctica	Fabric,fibers	Hydrolysis increased hydrophilicity	[20-22]

Source of Lipases	Type of PET	Effect on PET	References
Thermomyces lanuginosus	Fabric,fibers PET trimer	Hydrolysis increased hydrophilicity	[13-16]
Aspergillus sp.	Fabric, PET trimer	Hydrolysis increased hydrophilicity	[17]
Porcine（hog）pancreas	Fabric	Increased hydrophilicity changes in surface morphology	[18-20]
Burkholderia cepacia	Fabric, PET trimer	Hydrolysis increased hydrophilicity	[20]
Candida antarctica	Fabric,fibers	Hydrolysis increased hydrophilicity	[20-22]