EMS诱变对高粱成苗及M1主要农艺性状的影响

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-1499

生物技术通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 173-184.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-1499

EMS诱变对高粱成苗及M₁主要农艺性状的影响

范昕琦¹(), 王海燕², 陈静¹, 张晓娟¹, 郭琦¹, 梁笃¹, 周福平¹, 聂萌恩¹, 张一中¹, 柳青山²()

1.山西农业大学高粱研究所高粱遗传与种质创新山西省重点实验室，晋中 030600
2.山西农业大学社会服务部，太原 030031

收稿日期:2022-12-07 出版日期:2023-07-26 发布日期:2023-08-17
通讯作者: 柳青山，男，博士，研究员，研究方向：高粱遗传育种；E-mail: 673673@163.com
作者简介:范昕琦，女，博士，研究方向：高粱遗传育种；E-mail: fanxq86@126.com
基金资助:
山西省基础研究计划项目(202103021223130);山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC062);杂粮种质资源创新与分子育种国家实验室（筹）自主研发项目(202204010910001-28);山西省基础研究计划(202103021223137);山西省农业科学院杂粮分子育种平台专项(YGC2019FZ5);山西省博士毕业生、博士后研究人员来晋工作奖励经费科研项目(SXBYKY2022071);山西省现代农业杂粮产业技术体系(2022-03);山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC061)

Effects of EMS Mutagenesis on the Seeding Survival and Major Agronomic Traits of Sorghum in M₁ Generation

FAN Xin-qi¹(), WANG Hai-yan², CHEN Jing¹, ZHANG Xiao-juan¹, GUO Qi¹, LIANG Du¹, ZHOU Fu-ping¹, NIE Meng-en¹, ZHANG Yi-zhong¹, LIU Qing-shan²()

1. Sorghum Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Sorghum Genetic and Germplasm Innovation,Jinzhong 030600
2. Social Service Department, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031

Received:2022-12-07 Published:2023-07-26 Online:2023-08-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究不同浓度的EMS处理对高粱成苗及M₁代主要农艺性状的影响，确定不同高粱诱变的最佳EMS处理浓度，为高粱突变体库构建、种质资源的创新以及培育高产、优质的高粱新材料提供基础材料和理论指导。以6个高粱恢复系为材料，用不同浓度EMS（0、0.20%、0.25%、0.30%和0.35%）浸种处理高粱种子12 h，大田播种后调查、统计植株相关农艺性状的诱变情况。结果表明，种子成苗率随着EMS处理浓度增加而逐渐降低，处理后代植株的株高、叶片、穗型、育性以及成熟期变异率随着EMS浓度的增加而增加。构建突变体库时，1121R、LgB7B大粒高、L早615·L17、28R·吉16的最佳EMS诱变浓度均为0.25%，L17最佳诱变浓度为0.35%，而低秆L17则需要高于0.35%的EMS。EMS诱变处理对高粱生长和主要农艺性状均产生较大影响，但对不同材料的影响程度不同。

关键词: 高粱, EMS, 变异率, 农艺性状

Abstract:

The current study mainly explored the effects of different EMS concentration on seedling survival and major agronomic traits in sorghum M₁ generation, and found the optimal EMS concentration in different sorghum varieties. It can provide the basic varieties and theoretical guidance on the mutant construction, the germplasm resources innovation and the new varieties cultivation with high yield and quality in sorghum. Six sorghum restorer lines were used in this study. The seeds were firstly soaked by EMS with different concentrations（0, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, and 0.35%）for 12 h. The seedling survival and related agronomic traits were investigated after sowing in the field. With the EMS concentration increasing, the seedling survival rate decreased gradually, while the mutation rate of plant height, leaf, panicle type, fertility and maturity stage increased in mutagenesis plants. In sorghum, 0.25% EMS was the optimal concentration of 1121R, LgB7B Daligao, L zao 615·L17, and 28R·Ji16. The 0.35% EMS was the optimal concentration of L17, while the optimal concentration of Digan L17 was higher than that under 0.35% EMS. Thus, EMS treatment has a great effect on seedling survival and major agronomic traits in sorghum, and it has different effects on different varieties.

Key words: sorghum（Sorghum bicolor L.）, EMS, mutation rate, agronomic trait

范昕琦, 王海燕, 陈静, 张晓娟, 郭琦, 梁笃, 周福平, 聂萌恩, 张一中, 柳青山. EMS诱变对高粱成苗及M₁主要农艺性状的影响[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(7): 173-184.

FAN Xin-qi, WANG Hai-yan, CHEN Jing, ZHANG Xiao-juan, GUO Qi, LIANG Du, ZHOU Fu-ping, NIE Meng-en, ZHANG Yi-zhong, LIU Qing-shan. Effects of EMS Mutagenesis on the Seeding Survival and Major Agronomic Traits of Sorghum in M₁ Generation[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(7): 173-184.

图/表 12

参考文献 33

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EMS处理浓度 EMS treatment concentration/%	相对成苗率 Relative seeding emergence rate/%
EMS处理浓度 EMS treatment concentration/%	1121R	LgB7B大粒高 LgB7B Daligao	L早615·L17 L Zao 615·L17	低秆L17 Digan L17	L17	28R·吉16 28R·Ji16
0.00	100.0±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa
0.20	75.64±0.65Ba	52.50±0.85Bc	75.43±0.73Ba	68.94±0.80Bb	71.81±1.07Bb	54.86±0.16Bc
0.25	74.36±0.41Ba	51.39±0.24BCd	65.43±0.54Cc	68.3±0.50Bb	63.61±0.55Cc	50.00±0.36Cd
0.30	59.23±0.81Cb	49.44±1.04Cd	54.78±0.72Dc	64.68±1.72BCa	58.07±0.67Db	45.71±0.36De
0.35	47.44±0.76Dd	43.06±0.51De	50.00±0.41Ec	61.23±0.61Ca	55.18±0.22Eb	42.86±0.52Ee

EMS处理浓度 EMS treatment concentration/%	相对成苗率 Relative seeding emergence rate/%
EMS处理浓度 EMS treatment concentration/%	1121R	LgB7B大粒高 LgB7B Daligao	L早615·L17 L Zao 615·L17	低秆L17 Digan L17	L17	28R·吉16 28R·Ji16
0.00	100.0±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa	100.00±0.00Aa
0.20	75.64±0.65Ba	52.50±0.85Bc	75.43±0.73Ba	68.94±0.80Bb	71.81±1.07Bb	54.86±0.16Bc
0.25	74.36±0.41Ba	51.39±0.24BCd	65.43±0.54Cc	68.3±0.50Bb	63.61±0.55Cc	50.00±0.36Cd
0.30	59.23±0.81Cb	49.44±1.04Cd	54.78±0.72Dc	64.68±1.72BCa	58.07±0.67Db	45.71±0.36De
0.35	47.44±0.76Dd	43.06±0.51De	50.00±0.41Ec	61.23±0.61Ca	55.18±0.22Eb	42.86±0.52Ee

EMS处理浓度 Treatments concentration/%	影响程度 Effect degree
0.00	1121R=L早615·L17>L17=低秆L17>LgB7B大粒高=28R·吉16
0.20	1121R>低秆L17>L早615·L17= L17>LgB7B大粒高=28R·吉16
0.25	低秆L17>1121R=L17>L早615·L17> LgB7B大粒高>28R·吉16
0.30	低秆L17>L17>L早615·L17> 1121R>LgB7B大粒高=28R·吉16

EMS处理浓度 Treatments concentration/%	影响程度 Effect degree
0.00	1121R=L早615·L17>L17=低秆L17>LgB7B大粒高=28R·吉16
0.20	1121R>低秆L17>L早615·L17= L17>LgB7B大粒高=28R·吉16
0.25	低秆L17>1121R=L17>L早615·L17> LgB7B大粒高>28R·吉16
0.30	低秆L17>L17>L早615·L17> 1121R>LgB7B大粒高=28R·吉16

EMS处理浓度 EMS treatment concentration/%	株高变异率 Plant height mutation rate/%
EMS处理浓度 EMS treatment concentration/%	1121R	LgB7B大粒高 LgB7B Daligao	L早615·L17 L Zao 615·L17	低秆L17 Digan L17	L17	28R·吉16 28R·Ji16
0.00	100.0±0.00Aa	100.0±0.00Aaa	100.0±0.00Aa	100.0±0.00Aa	100.0±0.00Aa	100.0±0.00Aa
0.20	17.59±0.79Bab	21.29±0.28Ca	7.83±0.20Cb	23.68±0.32Ca	21.64±4.86Ba	11.25±0.49Bb
0.25	33.12±0.49Cb	34.13±0.85Db	23.92±0.13De	27.16±0.21Dd	39.21±0.22Ca	30.86±0.54Cc
0.30	57.57±0.64Da	39.61±0.36Ecd	30.42±0.63Ee	36.31±0.37Ed	41.92±0.68Cc	48.00±1.45Db

EMS诱变对高粱成苗及M₁主要农艺性状的影响

Effects of EMS Mutagenesis on the Seeding Survival and Major Agronomic Traits of Sorghum in M₁ Generation

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材料 Materials	EMS处理浓度 EMS treatment concentration/%	育性变异率Fertility mutation rate/%
材料 Materials	EMS处理浓度 EMS treatment concentration/%	育性=0% Fertility=0%	育性≤10% Fertility≤10%	10%<育性≤50% 10%<Fertility≤50%	育性>50% Fertility>50%
1121R	0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	100.00±0.00
	0.20	13.79±0.39	25.91±0.44	80.40±0.97	89.27±1.64
	0.25	14.85±0.37	25.58±0.39	11.60±0.29	5.75±0.17
	0.30	12.47±0.37	21.59±0.65	4.40±0.10	3.07±0.12
	0.35	58.89±0.33	26.91±0.42	3.60±0.08	1.92±0.22
LgB7B大粒高 LgB7B Daligao	0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	100.00±0.00
	0.20	28.74±0.34	45.00±0.76	49.59±0.72	66.67±1.28
	0.25	32.93±0.42	7.14±0.26	4.88±0.21	4.44±0.12
	0.30	25.75±0.46	30.71±0.41	38.21±0.54	24.44±1.19
	0.35	12.57±0.42	17.14±0.94	7.32±0.20	4.44±0.18
L早615·L17 L Zao 615·L17	0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	100.00±0.00
	0.20	16.88±0.53	41.94±0.7	68.94±0.47	84.11±1.14
	0.25	8.75±0.09	28.39±0.57	9.09±0.16	4.67±0.20
	0.30	5.63±0.55	9.68±0.25	6.82±0.33	5.61±0.21
	0.35	68.75±0.39	20.00±0.59	15.15±0.43	5.61±0.45
低秆L17 Digan L17	0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	100.00±0.00
	0.20	9.01±0.21	13.47±0.28	17.22±0.37	17.24±0.56
	0.25	20.12±0.22	27.35±0.24	14.90±0.45	23.79±0.81
	0.30	22.82±0.33	33.47±0.22	19.87±0.49	28.28±0.42
	0.35	48.05±0.42	25.71±0.34	48.01±0.41	30.69±0.79
L17	0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	100.00±0.00
	0.20	11.70±0.32	17.80±0.72	35.58±0.52	43.65±0.99
	0.25	9.43±0.34	15.53±0.80	32.69±0.73	26.52±0.95
	0.30	16.23±0.32	21.59±0.93	17.31±0.45	15.47±0.72
	0.35	62.64±0.51	45.08±0.86	14.42±0.57	14.36±0.88
28R·吉16 28R·Ji16	0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	0.00±0.00	100.00±0.00
	0.20	34.93±1.25	46.63±0.65	50.36±0.65	93.55±1.51
	0.25	32.88±0.40	23.03±0.47	22.30±0.54	6.45±0.14
	0.30	23.29±1.09	12.92±0.51	17.27±0.52	0.00±0.00
	0.35	8.90±0.18	17.42±0.61	10.07±0.16	0.00±0.00

EMS处理浓度 EMS treatments concentration/%	叶片变异率 Leaf mutation rate/%
EMS处理浓度 EMS treatments concentration/%	1121R	LgB7B大粒高 LgB7B Daligao	L早615·L17 L Zao 615·L17	低秆L17 Digan L17	L17	28R·吉16 28R·Ji16
0.00	0.00±0.00Aa	0.00±0.00Aa	0.00±0.00Aa	0.00±0.00Aa	0.00±0.00Aa	0.00±0.00Aa
0.20	11.69±0.34Ba	7.74±0.17Bc	3.89±0.07Bd	4.17±0.06Bd	3.52±0.09Bd	9.38±0.17Bb
0.25	22.76±0.32Ca	7.94±0.32Bd	12.92±0.64Cb	4.98±0.34Cf	6.02±0.13Ce	9.38±0.16Bc
0.30	29.22±0.91Da	19.19±0.50Cc	16.96±0.60Dd	7.89±0.34De	7.86±0.35De	21.00±0.51Cb
0.35	34.86±0.74Ea	26.12±0.83Db	19.05±0.28Ed	9.5±0.28Ee	11.36±0.27Ee	24.00±0.78Dc

性状 Traits	EMS处理浓度Treatments concentration/%
性状 Traits	1121R	LgB7B大粒高 LgB7B Daligao	L早615·L17 L Zao 615·L17	低秆L17 Digan L17	L17	28R·吉16 28R·Ji16
成苗率Seeding survival rate	0.30	0.25	0.35	>0.35	0.35	0.25
育性 Fertility	0.25	0.30	0.25	>0.35	0.35	0.25
综合Comprehensiveness	0.25	0.25	0.25	>0.35	0.35	0.25

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