微生物硫代谢与抗逆性

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2023-0616

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

硫代谢是微生物重要的生命代谢活动。微生物对外源硫酸盐的转运、同化、代谢调控以及重要含硫化合物的生物合成，不但与微生物生长代谢相关，而且影响微生物在胁迫环境下的抗逆性和鲁棒性。目前，大部分研究都聚焦在微生物硫酸盐同化过程和H₂S产生，对于微生物硫代谢与抗逆性相关的研究较少。本文总结了近年来微生物硫代谢过程中的硫酸盐转运、同化路径以及调控方式；并结合微生物在不同胁迫条件下的氧化应激反应，探讨了含硫化合物如硫化氢、谷胱甘肽和半胱氨酸等提高微生物抗逆性的机制。硫代谢与微生物抗逆性相关机制的解析不仅为理解微生物硫代谢与抗逆性提供理论基础，也为设计与构建抗逆性强的高产稳产工业菌株提供分子靶点。

关键词: 硫代谢, 氧化还原反应, 胁迫耐受性, 硫同化, H₂S

Abstract:

Sulfur metabolism is an important life metabolism in microbes. Sulfur transportation, assimilation, metabolic regulation and biosynthesis of important sulfur-containing compounds by microorganisms not only affect the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, but also influence the stress resistance and robustness of microorganisms in inhibitory environments. Most of current researches are focusing on the microbial sulfate assimilatory reduction process and H₂S production with few studies on microbial sulfur metabolism and stress resistance. This review summarized sulfate transport, assimilatory reduction pathway, and regulatory networks in the process of sulfur metabolism. Combined with the oxidative stress responses of microorganisms under different stress conditions, the review discussed mechanism by which sulfur-containing compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, glutathione and cysteine improve the stress resistance of microorganisms. The revelation of molecular mechanism between sulfur metabolism and microbial stress resistance will not only help understand microbial sulfur metabolism further, but also provide candidate molecular targets for the design and construction of efficient and robust industrial strains.

Key words: sulfur metabolism, oxidative stress responses, stress resistance, sulfate assimilation, H₂S

晏雄鹰, 王振, 王霞, 杨世辉. 微生物硫代谢与抗逆性[J]. 生物技术通报, 2023, 39(11): 150-167.

YAN Xiong-ying, WANG Zhen, WANG Xia, YANG Shi-hui. Microbial Sulfur Metabolism and Stress Resistance[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(11): 150-167.

图/表 10

参考文献 109

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Protein	Function	Gene source	Host	Resistance	Reference
MetC-CysK operon	Cysteine biosynthesis	Lactococcus lactis	Lactococcus lactis	High temperature（temp.）	[54]
GSH1/CYS3/GLR1	Glutathione biosynthesis	S. cerevisiae	S. cerevisiae	Lignocellulose hydrolysates	[86]
SOD1-GSH1-GLR1	Glutathione biosynthesis	S. cerevisiae	S. cerevisiae	Lignocellulose hydrolysates	[106]
YAP1^C620F- CTT1/CTA1 /GSH1/GSH2/GLR1	Glutathione biosynthesis	S. cerevisiae	S. cerevisiae	Furfural	[62]
GCSGS	Glutathione biosynthesis	S. thermophilus	S. cerevisiae	High temp., furfural, HMF, Cd²⁺	[108]
GshA/AspB/MetC	Glutathione and H₂S biosynthesis	Z. mobilis	Z. mobilis	Furfural	[48]
MetR	Methionine biosynthesis regulator	E. coli	E. coli	Isopentenol	[107]
CysCND	Sulfur assimilation	Z. mobilis	Z. mobilis	Furfural, acetate	[5]
McbR	Sulfur assimilation regulator	C. glutamicum	C. glutamicum	Acidic pH	[40]
TauE	Anion permease, Sulfite exporter	Z. mobilis	Z. mobilis	Furfural	[69]

Protein	Function	Gene source	Host	Resistance	Reference
MetC-CysK operon	Cysteine biosynthesis	Lactococcus lactis	Lactococcus lactis	High temperature（temp.）	[54]
GSH1/CYS3/GLR1	Glutathione biosynthesis	S. cerevisiae	S. cerevisiae	Lignocellulose hydrolysates	[86]
SOD1-GSH1-GLR1	Glutathione biosynthesis	S. cerevisiae	S. cerevisiae	Lignocellulose hydrolysates	[106]
YAP1^C620F- CTT1/CTA1 /GSH1/GSH2/GLR1	Glutathione biosynthesis	S. cerevisiae	S. cerevisiae	Furfural	[62]
GCSGS	Glutathione biosynthesis	S. thermophilus	S. cerevisiae	High temp., furfural, HMF, Cd²⁺	[108]
GshA/AspB/MetC	Glutathione and H₂S biosynthesis	Z. mobilis	Z. mobilis	Furfural	[48]
MetR	Methionine biosynthesis regulator	E. coli	E. coli	Isopentenol	[107]
CysCND	Sulfur assimilation	Z. mobilis	Z. mobilis	Furfural, acetate	[5]
McbR	Sulfur assimilation regulator	C. glutamicum	C. glutamicum	Acidic pH	[40]
TauE	Anion permease, Sulfite exporter	Z. mobilis	Z. mobilis	Furfural	[69]