生长素信号途径参与调控拟南芥雌配子体发育研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0109

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

雌配子体发育是开花植物有性生殖的重要前提，包括大孢子发生和雌配子体发生两个关键事件，该过程决定植物能否正常受精作用并完成世代繁衍。生长素是植物中广泛存在的一类植物激素，生长素在胚珠中的极性分布保证了胚珠的正常发育，但由于生长素信号途径十分复杂，且雌性生殖细胞位于组织内部，生长素信号途径在雌性生殖系建成的调控网络和分子机制仍不明晰。本文综述了生长素的合成、动态平衡和信号转导以及生长素调控大孢子发生和雌配子体发生相关研究，旨在对生长素激素信号途径调控雌性生殖系建成提供参考。

关键词: 雌配子体发育, 开花植物, 有性生殖, 生长素

Abstract:

Female gametophyte development is an important prerequisite for sexual reproduction in flowering plants, including two key events, macrosporogenesis and female gametophyte development. The development of the female gametophyte determines whether the plant can be properly fertilized and complete the reproduction of generations. Auxin is a widespread phytohormone in plants, and the polar distribution of auxin in the ovule ensures the normal development of the ovule. However, due to the complexity of the auxin signaling pathway and the fact that female germ cells are located inside the tissues, the regulatory network and molecular mechanism of the auxin signaling pathway in the female germline are still unclear. In this paper, we summarize the studies related to auxin synthesis, dynamic equilibrium and signaling, and review the studies on auxin regulation of macrosporogenesis and female gametophyte genesis. The aim of this paper is to provide a reference for the further study of the auxin signaling pathway on female germline establishment.

Key words: female gametophyte development, flowering plants, sexual reproduction, auxin

杨嘉泓, 李婧怡, 吴佳昊, 黄幼梅, 刘艳芬, 秦源, 蔡汉阳. 生长素信号途径参与调控拟南芥雌配子体发育研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2024, 40(7): 19-27.

YANG Jia-hong, LI Jing-yi, WU Jia-hao, HUANG You-mei, LIU Yan-fen, QIN Yuan, CAI Han-yang. Research Progress in the Auxin Signaling Pathway Involved in the Regulation of Female Gametophyte Development in Arabidopsis[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(7): 19-27.

图/表 3

图1 生长素信号转导途径

Fig. 1 Transducing pathways of auxin signals

图2 拟南芥胚珠大孢子发生时期和雌配子体发生时期的生长素极性分布 AC：孢原细胞；MMC：大孢子母细胞；FM：功能大孢子；ac：反足细胞；ccn：中央极核；en：卵细胞核；ec：卵细胞；sc：助细胞

Fig. 2 Polarity distribution of auxin during the period of ovule megasporogenesis and female gametophyte genesis in Arabidopsis thaliana AC: Archesporial cell; MMC: megaspore mother cell; FM: functional megaspore; ac: antipodal cell; ccn: central polar nucellus; en: egg cell nucleus; ec: egg cell; sc: synergid cell

图3 生长素信号调控大孢子发生和雌配子体发生

Fig. 3 Auxin signal regulates macrosporogenesis and female gametophyte genesis

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