Research Progress in Signals and Molecular Mechanisms of Ovule Primordia Initiation

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0247

Abstract

Abstract:

The seed is the reproductive organ for angiosperm. Seed production is crucial for plant reproductive development and crop yield. Ovule is the precursor of the seed. Ovule primordia initiation is process of seed organ formation, also the first step of plant forming seed. Different species have different patterns of placenta formation and ovule initiation. The regulatory mechanism of ovule initiation has been mainly studied in Arabidopsis. Arabidopsis is a multi-ovule ovaries plant, i.e., there is multiple seeds in a fruit, and ovule primordia initiation causes great impact on the single-fruit seed yield and seed yield. In Arabidopsis, ovule primordia are generated from placentae developed from the carpel margin meristem（CMM）. Transcription factors, regulators, and plant hormones are involved in regulating ovule initiation and ovule number by affecting placenta development. Currently, the rules of asynchronous ovule initiation have been identified, and the researcher also revealed that the dynamic of polar auxin transport（PAT）and auxin response determine the multiple rounds of ovule primordia initiation. In this review, we firstly introduce the process of CMM and placenta formation in different plants and their regulators, then summarize the current research progress on ovule initiation, including hormones signal network affecting ovule initiation and asynchronous ovule initiation. Finally, we raise the un-solved questions in ovule initiation, future research work, as well as application prospects in agricultural productions.

Key words: ovule primordia initiation, placenta, carpel margin meristem, asynchronous initiation, plant hormones

YU Shi-xia, JIANG Yu-tong, LIN Wen-hui. Research Progress in Signals and Molecular Mechanisms of Ovule Primordia Initiation[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(2): 1-9.

Figures/Tables 2

References 63

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