Physiological Characteristics and Transcriptome Analysis of Sorghum bicolor × S. Sudanense Seedlings Under Salt-alkali Stress

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-0758

Abstract

Abstract:

Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense has the characteristics of drought resistance and salt-alkali tolerance, and has gradually become an important feed crop in animal husbandry. It is of great significance to clarify the molecular regulation mechanism of salt-tolerant and alkali-tolerant grass for molecular-assisted breeding. In this paper, the seeds of S. bicolor × S. sudanense were treated with different concentration of NaCl and Na₂CO₃ stress, and the germination rates of the seeds were analyzed under different concentrations. The seedlings were treated with 200 mmol/L NaCl and Na₂CO₃ stress. The physiological indexes of soluble sugar, proline（PRO）, catalase（CAT）, peroxidase（POD）and total superoxide dismutase（T-SOD）were determined and transcriptome expression was analyzed in different time periods. The results showed that the germination rate and root length of S. bicolor × S. sudanense under the same concentration of neutral salt stress were higher than those under alkaline salt stress. With the time prolonging, POD and CAT showed a gradually decreasing trend under neutral salt stress, but gradually increasing trend under alkaline salt stress. PRO, soluble sugar and T-SOD increased gradually under neutral salt stress, but decreased gradually under alkaline salt stress. Transcriptome analysis showed that 241, 293 and 149 DEGs were identified after 6, 12 and 24 h of neutral salt stress, and 664, 641 and 728 DEGs were identified under alkaline salt stress. GO and KEGG cluster analysis revealed that DEGs involved in oxidative reductase synthesis, osmotic stress, cell membrane composition, cell oxidation and detoxification played a key role in the responses to salt-alkali stress the grass in the seedling. DEG mainly focused on hormone signal transduction, photosynthetic metabolism, redox, glucose metabolism, nucleic acid repair, phenylpropane biosynthesis and other processes related to abiotic stress or stress. Under saline-alkali stress, the grass seedlings responded to environmental stimuli through hormone signal transduction and oxidoreductase detoxification. Glucose metabolism and reductase synthesis and transport play an important role in salt-tolerant varieties.

Key words: Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense, salt-alkali stress, transcriptome

KONG De-zhen, DUAN Zhen-yu, WANG Gang, ZHANG Xin, XI Lin-qiao. Physiological Characteristics and Transcriptome Analysis of Sorghum bicolor × S. Sudanense Seedlings Under Salt-alkali Stress[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2023, 39(6): 199-207.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1 Effects of different saline and alkali concentrations on germination rates（A）and phenotypes（B）of Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense

Fig. 2 Effects of different saline and alkali concentrations on the physiological characteristics of Sorghum bicolor×S. sudanense Different letters mean significant difference at 0. 05 level

Fig. 3 DEG statistics under different saline and alkali treatments

Fig. 4 GO analyses of differentially expressed genes

Fig. 5 KEGG enrichment analysis A: Up gene. B: Down gene

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