Expression Patterns of CHX Gene Family in Quinoa in Response to NO under Saline-alkali Stress

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0500

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective CHX (cation/H⁺ exchanger) gene family is a unique monovalent cationic transporter and plays an important role in plant growth and development and response to salt-alkali stress. The CHX gene family members were identified from the whole genome of quinoa, and the expression characteristics of related genes were analyzed to provide support for further research on CHX gene function. Method Bioinformatics methods were used to identify the CHX gene family members from quinoa genome, and to analyze their physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, chromosome localization, gene replication, gene structure and promoter cis-acting elements. Transcriptome data combined with RT-qPCR were used to analyze the expression patterns of CHX family genes in different organs under mixed saline-alkali stress and exogenous NO treatment. Transient transformation of tobacco was used to detect the subcellular localization of target protein. Result A total of 51 CHX genes were identified in quinoa genome, and the CHX family was divided into 5 subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. Fragment replication was the primary reason for the evolution of the CHX gene family, which has undergone intense purification selection. Based on the transcriptomic analysis, RT-qPCR analysis of 10 CHX genes under salt-alkali stress and NO treatment showed that the other 8 genes were all in response to salt-alkali stress in stems and roots and were positively regulated by exogenous NO except CqCHX-10 and CqCHX-25 were not expressed. Further subcellular localization of CqCHX-17 protein showed that the gene was localized in the nucleus and chloroplast. Conclusion Fifty-one CHX family members are identified from quinoa genome. Different members show different expression patterns in different organizations. CHX gene family members respond positively to saline-alkali stress and exogenous NO. It is found that CqCHX-17 may be involved in K⁺ transport and pH regulation of chloroplast matrix.

Key words: quinoa, CHX, bioinformatics analysis, expression analysis, saline-alkali stress

JIA Zi-jian, WANG Bao-qiang, CHEN Li-fei, WANG Yi-zhen, WEI Xiao-hong, ZHAO Ying. Expression Patterns of CHX Gene Family in Quinoa in Response to NO under Saline-alkali Stress[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2025, 41(2): 163-174.

Figures/Tables 8

References 36

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基因 Gene	正向引物 Forward primer （5′-3′）	反向引物 Reverse primer （5′-3′）
CqCHX-6	TGACTGGTGTGATTGCTCCC	GTTGCTGGCTTCCAGGAGAT
CqCHX-10	CAGCGCTGGTGATGAGAGAT	TCTTCCTGAGTCGGCAAACC
CqCHX-16	TCCATGTGCATTGCTGTTGC	AGAAGAATCCAGGCTGCCAC
CqCHX-17	GTCCACTTCAGAGCAGACCC	CATCAGGTGCCTTGGAGTGT
CqCHX-18	GTGAGCCAGTGGATGAGCTT	CAAATGCACCGAAAAGGGCA
CqCHX-22	GAACGCTTTGCCAACACCAT	TGATCGCCTTCCTCCCTGTA
CqCHX-24	CAACCTCCACGGGAGTCTTC	GAACACCTCGCTACGACCAA
CqCHX-25	GTTAGCCAAGGCCCCTTCAT	CATGGCCATACGGCCTACAT
CqCHX-26	GGCATCACATTGCCGTTTGT	ATAGAGAGGGCAACCCCCAT
CqCHX-48	GGGTTTACTCGTGCTGGTGA	GGACTAACGCATCCCTAGCC
CqTUB-9	GAGATGTTCCGTCGTGTGAGTGAG	ATCGGCAGTTGCATCCTGGTATTG

基因 Gene	正向引物 Forward primer （5′-3′）	反向引物 Reverse primer （5′-3′）
CqCHX-6	TGACTGGTGTGATTGCTCCC	GTTGCTGGCTTCCAGGAGAT
CqCHX-10	CAGCGCTGGTGATGAGAGAT	TCTTCCTGAGTCGGCAAACC
CqCHX-16	TCCATGTGCATTGCTGTTGC	AGAAGAATCCAGGCTGCCAC
CqCHX-17	GTCCACTTCAGAGCAGACCC	CATCAGGTGCCTTGGAGTGT
CqCHX-18	GTGAGCCAGTGGATGAGCTT	CAAATGCACCGAAAAGGGCA
CqCHX-22	GAACGCTTTGCCAACACCAT	TGATCGCCTTCCTCCCTGTA
CqCHX-24	CAACCTCCACGGGAGTCTTC	GAACACCTCGCTACGACCAA
CqCHX-25	GTTAGCCAAGGCCCCTTCAT	CATGGCCATACGGCCTACAT
CqCHX-26	GGCATCACATTGCCGTTTGT	ATAGAGAGGGCAACCCCCAT
CqCHX-48	GGGTTTACTCGTGCTGGTGA	GGACTAACGCATCCCTAGCC
CqTUB-9	GAGATGTTCCGTCGTGTGAGTGAG	ATCGGCAGTTGCATCCTGGTATTG

重复CHX基因 Duplicated CHX gene	非同义替换率 Ka	同义替换率 Ks	比值 Ka/Ks	重复CHX基因 Duplicated CHX gene	非同义替换率 Ka	同义替换率 Ks	比值 Ka/Ks
CqCHX-1-CqCHX-11	0.015	0.106	0.140	CqCHX-17-CqCHX-24	0.092	0.471	0.196
CqCHX-2-CqCHX-33	0.143	0.781	0.183	CqCHX-17-CqCHX-26	0.111	0.615	0.181
CqCHX-4-CqCHX-13	0.057	0.182	0.316	CqCHX-18-CqCHX-26	0.032	0.166	0.191
CqCHX-4-CqCHX-5	0.111	0.296	0.376	CqCHX-18-CqCHX-25	0.104	0.610	0.170
CqCHX-6-CqCHX-22	0.004	0.060	0.066	CqCHX-18-CqCHX-41	0.119	0.527	0.225
CqCHX-7-CqCHX-30	0.021	0.171	0.126	CqCHX-19-CqCHX-34	0.015	0.193	0.080
CqCHX-8-CqCHX-29	0.032	0.159	0.203	CqCHX-21-CqCHX-50	0.085	0.151	0.566
CqCHX-9-CqCHX-28	0.018	0.163	0.112	CqCHX-24-CqCHX-25	0.076	0.515	0.148
CqCHX-14-CqCHX-45	0.012	0.169	0.073	CqCHX-24-CqCHX-41	0.096	0.464	0.207
CqCHX-15-CqCHX-44	0.012	0.116	0.106	CqCHX-24-CqCHX-26	0.116	0.583	0.200
CqCHX-16-CqCHX-24	0.028	0.122	0.230	CqCHX-25-CqCHX-41	0.047	0.323	0.146
CqCHX-16-CqCHX-25	0.080	0.520	0.154	CqCHX-25-CqCHX-26	0.103	0.600	0.172
CqCHX-16-CqCHX-41	0.101	0.483	0.210	CqCHX-26-CqCHX-41	0.115	0.599	0.192
CqCHX-17-CqCHX-25	0.030	0.198	0.153	CqCHX-39-CqCHX-40	0.022	0.144	0.151
CqCHX-17-CqCHX-41	0.064	0.333	0.191

重复CHX基因 Duplicated CHX gene	非同义替换率 Ka	同义替换率 Ks	比值 Ka/Ks	重复CHX基因 Duplicated CHX gene	非同义替换率 Ka	同义替换率 Ks	比值 Ka/Ks
CqCHX-1-CqCHX-11	0.015	0.106	0.140	CqCHX-17-CqCHX-24	0.092	0.471	0.196
CqCHX-2-CqCHX-33	0.143	0.781	0.183	CqCHX-17-CqCHX-26	0.111	0.615	0.181
CqCHX-4-CqCHX-13	0.057	0.182	0.316	CqCHX-18-CqCHX-26	0.032	0.166	0.191
CqCHX-4-CqCHX-5	0.111	0.296	0.376	CqCHX-18-CqCHX-25	0.104	0.610	0.170
CqCHX-6-CqCHX-22	0.004	0.060	0.066	CqCHX-18-CqCHX-41	0.119	0.527	0.225
CqCHX-7-CqCHX-30	0.021	0.171	0.126	CqCHX-19-CqCHX-34	0.015	0.193	0.080
CqCHX-8-CqCHX-29	0.032	0.159	0.203	CqCHX-21-CqCHX-50	0.085	0.151	0.566
CqCHX-9-CqCHX-28	0.018	0.163	0.112	CqCHX-24-CqCHX-25	0.076	0.515	0.148
CqCHX-14-CqCHX-45	0.012	0.169	0.073	CqCHX-24-CqCHX-41	0.096	0.464	0.207
CqCHX-15-CqCHX-44	0.012	0.116	0.106	CqCHX-24-CqCHX-26	0.116	0.583	0.200
CqCHX-16-CqCHX-24	0.028	0.122	0.230	CqCHX-25-CqCHX-41	0.047	0.323	0.146
CqCHX-16-CqCHX-25	0.080	0.520	0.154	CqCHX-25-CqCHX-26	0.103	0.600	0.172
CqCHX-16-CqCHX-41	0.101	0.483	0.210	CqCHX-26-CqCHX-41	0.115	0.599	0.192
CqCHX-17-CqCHX-25	0.030	0.198	0.153	CqCHX-39-CqCHX-40	0.022	0.144	0.151
CqCHX-17-CqCHX-41	0.064	0.333	0.191

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