Biotechnology Bulletin ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 257-268.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-0877
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CHEN Ying-dan1,2(), ZHANG Yang2, XIA Qiang1(), SUN Hong-xia1()
Received:
2021-07-12
Online:
2022-05-26
Published:
2022-06-10
Contact:
XIA Qiang,SUN Hong-xia
E-mail:cydia0505@163.com;xiaqiang1973@126.com;hxsun@zmc.edu.cn
CHEN Ying-dan, ZHANG Yang, XIA Qiang, SUN Hong-xia. Gene Editing Technology of CRISPR/Cas and Its Applications in Microalgae Research[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2022, 38(5): 257-268.
特征Characteristic | Cas9 | Cpf1 |
---|---|---|
CRISPR分类 | Class 2,type II Class 2,type V | |
来源 | Streptococcus pyogenes | Francisella novicida Acidaminococcussp. Lachnospiraceae bacterium Moraxella bovoculi |
核酸酶结构域 | HNH、RuvC | RuvC |
CRISPR-RNA | crRNA、tracrRNA | crRNA |
PAM | NGG | TTTN |
切割特点 | 平末端 | 黏性末端 |
RNAase活性 | 无 | 有 |
Table 1 Distinct characteristics of Cas9 and Cpf1
特征Characteristic | Cas9 | Cpf1 |
---|---|---|
CRISPR分类 | Class 2,type II Class 2,type V | |
来源 | Streptococcus pyogenes | Francisella novicida Acidaminococcussp. Lachnospiraceae bacterium Moraxella bovoculi |
核酸酶结构域 | HNH、RuvC | RuvC |
CRISPR-RNA | crRNA、tracrRNA | crRNA |
PAM | NGG | TTTN |
切割特点 | 平末端 | 黏性末端 |
RNAase活性 | 无 | 有 |
类别 Category | 微藻类型 Types of microalgae | 方法 Method | 目标基因 Target gene | 相关内容 Related information | 参考文献 Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
衣藻 | Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC503 | CRISPR/Cas9 | FKB12 | CRISPR/Cas9系统首次应用在微藻 | [ |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-124 | CRISPR/Cas9、RNP | MAA7、CpSRP43、ChlM | 靶向敲除或敲入,并通过NHEJ修复 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-4349 | CRISPR/Cas9、RNP | ZEP、CpFTSY | 实现了双基因敲除,产生突变体 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-4349 | CRISPR/Cas9、RNP | ZEP | ZEP敲除突变体能够产生大量的叶黄素和玉米黄质 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-2931 Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-1883 | CRISPR / Cpf1、RNP | FKB12、CpFTSY、CpSRP43、PHT7 | Cpf1核酸酶首次应用于莱茵衣藻 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-400 | CRISPR/dCas9 | PEPC1、RFP | CRISPRi系统首次应用在莱茵衣藻 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-125 | CRISPR/Cas9、RNP | MAA7 | 优化CRISPR RNP流程,提高基因编辑效率 | [ | |
蓝藻 | Synechococcus elongatus UTEX 2973 | CRISPR/Cas9 | nblA | 这是在蓝藻中使用CRISPR / Cas9基因组编辑的第一份报告 | [ |
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 | CRISPR/Cas9 | glgc | glgC缺失突变体产生更高水平的琥珀酸酯 | [ | |
Synechococcus UTEX 2973 | CRISPR/Cpf1 | psbA1、nblA | 比较Cpf1和Cas9的毒性;Cpf1是蓝藻基因组编辑的合适核酸酶 | [ | |
Synechocystis 6803 Anabaena 7120 | CRISPR/Cpf1 | nblA、nifH | 缺失突变、点突变以及插入突变,研究了Cpf1的多功能性 | [ | |
Synechcocystis sp. PCC 6803 | CRISPR/dCas9 | phaE、glgC | 抑制碳存储化合物聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)和糖原的形成。 | [ | |
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 | CRISPR/dCas9 | glgc、sdhA、sdhB | 增加了琥珀酸产量 | [ | |
Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 | CRISPR/dCas9 | glnA | 成功微调glnA的表达水平;控制铵的生产。 | [ | |
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 | CRISPR/dCas9 | PlsX | 抑制必需的酰基转移酶PlsX可将脂肪醇滴度提高3倍。 | [ | |
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 | CRISPR/dCpf1 | nblA、acnB、cpcB2 | 使用CRISPR-dCas12a改善光合角鲨烯的生产 | [ | |
硅藻 | Phaeodactylum tricornutum | CRISPR/Cas9 | CpSRP54 | CRISPR/Cas9首次在硅藻的应用 | [ |
Thalassiosira pseudonana | CRISPR/Cas9 | urease | 脲酶基因的精确删除 | [ | |
Phaeodactylum tricornutum | CRISPR/Cas9 | vtc2、pho4 | 优化方法,产生单等位基因突变和双等位基因突变 | [ | |
Thalassiosira pseudonana | CRISPR/Cas9 | TpθCA3 | 使用Cas9切口酶介导的基因组编辑,获得了海洋硅藻突变体 | [ | |
Phaeodactylum tricornutum | CRISPR/Cas9 | NR、GS-2、cGOGAT | 新的Cas9附加体设计减少了生产和筛选突变菌株的时间 | [ | |
其他 | Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 | CRISPR/Cas9 | Nitrate reductase gene、HygR | 含油微藻的基因编辑,突变菌株敲除效率提高 | [ |
Nannochloropsis gaditana | CRISPR/Cas9 | ZnCys | 微调ZnCys表达,优化脂质生产 | [ | |
Chlorella vulgarisFSP-E | CRISPR/Cas9 | fad3 | CRISPR / Cas9系统是首次应用于小球藻FSP-E | [ |
Table 2 Research on the application of CRISPR technology in microalgae
类别 Category | 微藻类型 Types of microalgae | 方法 Method | 目标基因 Target gene | 相关内容 Related information | 参考文献 Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
衣藻 | Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC503 | CRISPR/Cas9 | FKB12 | CRISPR/Cas9系统首次应用在微藻 | [ |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-124 | CRISPR/Cas9、RNP | MAA7、CpSRP43、ChlM | 靶向敲除或敲入,并通过NHEJ修复 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-4349 | CRISPR/Cas9、RNP | ZEP、CpFTSY | 实现了双基因敲除,产生突变体 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-4349 | CRISPR/Cas9、RNP | ZEP | ZEP敲除突变体能够产生大量的叶黄素和玉米黄质 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-2931 Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-1883 | CRISPR / Cpf1、RNP | FKB12、CpFTSY、CpSRP43、PHT7 | Cpf1核酸酶首次应用于莱茵衣藻 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-400 | CRISPR/dCas9 | PEPC1、RFP | CRISPRi系统首次应用在莱茵衣藻 | [ | |
Chlamydonomas reinhardtii CC-125 | CRISPR/Cas9、RNP | MAA7 | 优化CRISPR RNP流程,提高基因编辑效率 | [ | |
蓝藻 | Synechococcus elongatus UTEX 2973 | CRISPR/Cas9 | nblA | 这是在蓝藻中使用CRISPR / Cas9基因组编辑的第一份报告 | [ |
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 | CRISPR/Cas9 | glgc | glgC缺失突变体产生更高水平的琥珀酸酯 | [ | |
Synechococcus UTEX 2973 | CRISPR/Cpf1 | psbA1、nblA | 比较Cpf1和Cas9的毒性;Cpf1是蓝藻基因组编辑的合适核酸酶 | [ | |
Synechocystis 6803 Anabaena 7120 | CRISPR/Cpf1 | nblA、nifH | 缺失突变、点突变以及插入突变,研究了Cpf1的多功能性 | [ | |
Synechcocystis sp. PCC 6803 | CRISPR/dCas9 | phaE、glgC | 抑制碳存储化合物聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)和糖原的形成。 | [ | |
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 | CRISPR/dCas9 | glgc、sdhA、sdhB | 增加了琥珀酸产量 | [ | |
Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 | CRISPR/dCas9 | glnA | 成功微调glnA的表达水平;控制铵的生产。 | [ | |
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 | CRISPR/dCas9 | PlsX | 抑制必需的酰基转移酶PlsX可将脂肪醇滴度提高3倍。 | [ | |
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 | CRISPR/dCpf1 | nblA、acnB、cpcB2 | 使用CRISPR-dCas12a改善光合角鲨烯的生产 | [ | |
硅藻 | Phaeodactylum tricornutum | CRISPR/Cas9 | CpSRP54 | CRISPR/Cas9首次在硅藻的应用 | [ |
Thalassiosira pseudonana | CRISPR/Cas9 | urease | 脲酶基因的精确删除 | [ | |
Phaeodactylum tricornutum | CRISPR/Cas9 | vtc2、pho4 | 优化方法,产生单等位基因突变和双等位基因突变 | [ | |
Thalassiosira pseudonana | CRISPR/Cas9 | TpθCA3 | 使用Cas9切口酶介导的基因组编辑,获得了海洋硅藻突变体 | [ | |
Phaeodactylum tricornutum | CRISPR/Cas9 | NR、GS-2、cGOGAT | 新的Cas9附加体设计减少了生产和筛选突变菌株的时间 | [ | |
其他 | Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 | CRISPR/Cas9 | Nitrate reductase gene、HygR | 含油微藻的基因编辑,突变菌株敲除效率提高 | [ |
Nannochloropsis gaditana | CRISPR/Cas9 | ZnCys | 微调ZnCys表达,优化脂质生产 | [ | |
Chlorella vulgarisFSP-E | CRISPR/Cas9 | fad3 | CRISPR / Cas9系统是首次应用于小球藻FSP-E | [ |
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