Biotechnology Bulletin ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 228-240.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2022-1349

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Screening and Identification of Broad-spectrum Antagonistic Bacterial Strains Against Vegetable Soft Rot Pathogen and Its Control Effects

MA Jun-xiu(), WU Hao-qiong, JIANG Wei, YAN Geng-xuan, HU Ji-hua, ZHANG Shu-mei()   

  1. Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150010
  • Received:2022-11-03 Online:2023-07-26 Published:2023-08-17
  • Contact: ZHANG Shu-mei E-mail:2634643414@qq.com;1401135157@qq.com

Abstract:

To obtain a broad-spectrum biocontrol strain with high efficiency against vegetable soft rot bacteria, in this study, a biocontrol strain DJ1 with good inhibition effect on three pathogens was screened from vegetable rhizosphere soil by the method of bacteriostasis circle, using soft rot pathogen of Chinese cabbage Pectobacterium carotovorum BC2, onion Burkholderia gladioli YC1 and baby cabbage Pseudomonas sp. WWC2 as the targets. Antagonistic strains were isolated and screened from vegetable rhizosphere soil by gradient dilution and bacteriostatic zone method. Through morphological, physiological and biochemical analysis and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the species of the biocontrol strains were identified, and their the growth characteristics were studied. The Oxford Cup method was used to determine the bacteriostasis of the biocontrol strains on 3 strains of soft rot and 3 strains of human pathogenic bacteria, and the plate confrontation method to determine the bacteriostasis on 8 strains of plant pathogenic fungi. Needling inoculation method was applied to determine the control effect on vegetables leaves in vitro and field, and X-gal chromogenic method to determine the degradation activities of quorum-sensing signal factors against Chinese cabbage soft rot pathogen. The growth characteristics of the strain, its ability to degrade quorum sensing signal factors, its bacteriostatic spectrum and its field control effect on soft rot of Chinese cabbage were studied. The results showed that 18 antagonistic strains were selected from 1 012 bacteria isolated from 20 soil samples, among which 1 biocontrol strain DJ1 had antibacterial activity against 3 soft rot pathogens YC1, BC2 and WWC2. The antibacterial zone diameters were(10.60±0.20),(6.92±0.56)and(3.92±0.16)mm, respectively. The strain DJ1 was identified as Bacillus velezensis. The optimal growth temperature of strain DJ1 was 30℃, and it had good salt tolerance and grew under 1%-5% NaCl. It had the ability to degrade the quorum-sensing signaling factors of Chinese cabbage, and inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and 8 plant pathogenic fungi. The 1×108 CFU/mL of bacterial solution was 84.30%, 60.21% and 69.96% in vitro against soft rot of Chinese cabbage, onion and baby cabbage, respectively, and 79.91% in field. Therefore, B. velezensis DJ1 presents potential application in the control of vegetable soft rot.

Key words: vegetables, soft rot pathogens, antagonistic bacteria, screening, control effect, Bacillus velezensis, identification, bacteriostasis